Cisco Internetwork Troubleshooting Creating End-System Network Configuration Documentation © 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CIT v5.21-1. - презентация

1 Cisco Internetwork Troubleshooting Creating End-System Network Configuration Documentation © 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CIT v5.21-1

2 Cisco Internetwork Troubleshooting Creating End-System Configuration Documentation © 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CIT v5.21-2

3 © 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CIT v An End-System Configuration Table Device Name (Purpose) Operating System/ Version IP Address/ Subnet Default Gateway Address DNS Server Address WINS Server Address Network Applications Latency- Sensitive Applications

4 © 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CIT v Physical/Data Link Layer Physical Physical Location Manufacturer/Model CPU Type/Speed RAM Storage Device Name Device Purpose Data Link Access VLAN Network Layer IP Address Subnet Mask Default Gateway DNS Address WINS Address Application Layer Operating System/Version Network Applications High-Bandwidth Applications Latency-Sensitive Applications End-System Configuration Table Components Related to Troubleshooting

5 © 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CIT v An Example of an End-System Network Configuration Table Device Name (Purpose) Operating System/ Version IP Address/ Subnet Default Gateway Address DNS Address WINS Address Network Applications Latency- Sensitive Applications Win NT Unix / / / / / / / / / / Telnet, HTTP, FTP, SMTP Serve1 (File Server) DNS01 (DNS Server) TermA (Admin Terminal) DB01 (Ecommerce Database Serve2 (Web/FTP Server)

6 © 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CIT v The End-System Components of a Topology Diagram

7 © 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CIT v The End-System Components of a Topology Diagram

8 © 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CIT v The End-System Components of a Topology Diagram

9 © 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CIT v The End-System Components of a Topology Diagram

10 © 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CIT v Physical/Data Link Layer Physical Physical Location Data Link Access VLAN Network Layer IP Address Subnet Mask Device Name Device Purpose Application Layer Operating System/Version Network Applications Topology Diagram Components Related to End Systems

11 © 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CIT v A Network Topology Diagram That Includes End Systems

12 © 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CIT v ping Sends an echo request packet to an address, then waits for a reply. arp -a Displays the current mappings of the IP address to the MAC address in the ARP table. telnet Used to gain terminal access to devices on a network. General Commands to Gather Information About End Systems

13 © 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CIT v ipconfig /all Displays IP information for hosts running Windows NT, 2000, or XP. C:\> tracert -d Uses ICMP to identify a path to a destination device without performing a DNS lookup. C:\> route print Displays the current contents of the entire IP routing table. C:\> Windows Commands to Gather Information About End Systems

14 © 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CIT v winipcfg Displays IP information for hosts running Windows 9x and Me. C:\> Windows Commands to Gather Information About End Systems (Cont.)

15 © 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CIT v ifconfig -a Displays IP information. terminal% traceroute Uses UDP to identify the path that a packet takes through the network. terminal% route -n Displays the current contents of the entire IP routing table. terminal% UNIX or Mac OS X Commands to Gather Information About End Systems

16 © 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CIT v Choose a starting point and view information about the operating system and hardware of the device. 2 Access a command line. 3 View detailed information about the TCP/IP settings of the device. 4 Display any active routes. Discovering End-System Network Configurations

17 © 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CIT v Check connectivity to remote devices. 7 View the route that is used to connect to a remote address, such as the default gateway. 8 Check that TCP is available and functioning on the end system. 5 View Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) information. Discovering End-System Network Configurations (Cont.)

18 © 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CIT v Guidelines for Creating Network Documentation Determine the scope.Know your objective.Be consistent.Keep the documents accessible. Maintain the documentation!

19 © 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CIT v Summary The components of an end-system configuration table and topology diagram can be split into physical and logical categories. The components of a topology diagram that includes end systems can have different components, depending on the types of end systems in the network. Following a procedure, a troubleshooter can easily gather relevant configuration information about a variety of end systems. There are several commands and applications available for discovering configuration information about an end system. Good end-system configuration documentation allows you to quickly learn specific information about end systems. Guidelines for creating effective end-system configuration documentation are as follows: –Determine the scope –Know your objectives –Be consistent –Keep the documents accessible –Maintain the documentation

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