Unit 1 2007-09-11. Outline Announcements and notes Present tense of to be Case in English and Russian Nominative and prepositional meaning and forms в/во. - презентация

1 Unit

2 Outline Announcements and notes Present tense of to be Case in English and Russian Nominative and prepositional meaning and forms в/во Possession and gender (мой)

3 Announcements and notes Please dont hand in homework early (youre welcome to do it early, but hold on to it until the due date) Grading system for quiz on Friday, If you didnt do as well as you would have liked on the last vocabulary quiz … There may be a vocabulary quiz tomorrow

4 Present tense of to be Russian normally omits the present tense of to be (optionally replacing it with a dash) –Я студент. –Москварусский город. The subject and the predicate (the thing after the omitted to be) are both nominative

5 Case in English Case indicates the role of a noun in a sentence –subject, direct object, indirect object, object of a preposition, possessive, etc. Subject and direct object –I saw my roommate on television. I is the subject of the sentence; I did the seeing Wrong: *Me saw my roommate on television. –My roommate saw me on television. Me is the direct object of the sentence; I got seen. Wrong: *My roommate saw I on television.

6 Case in English and word order English nouns dont have case endings, but word order tells you the role of each noun –Lenin saw Stalin at the frat party. Lenin (subject) did the seeing and Stalin (direct object) was seen. –Stalin saw Lenin at the frat party. Stalin (subject) did the seeing and Lenin (direct object) was seen. Russian has looser word order (the subject does not always come first!), and marks the role of each noun by using a case ending

7 Case in Russian English –Three cases (subjective [I], objective [me], possessive [mine]) –Case is implemented only for personal pronouns (I, me, mine) –See English Grammar for Students of Russian for additional examples and discussion Russian –Six cases –Case is implemented not just for pronouns, but also for nouns (and therefore for adjectives, which agree with nouns or pronouns)

8 Case in Russian in Unit 1 Two cases –Nominative Subject After to be (which may itself not be present) –Prepositional After the preposition в (во) in After some other prepositions (but not all) Example –(Pointing to a map) Это Питтсбург. (nominative) –(Bragging) Я живу в Питтсбурге. (prepositional)

9 Nominative case endings Regardless of their endings, words that refer to persons (names, kinship terms) have grammatical gender = natural gender –мама, папа, Саша Masculine words end in consonant sounds –лимон, музей, коктейль Feminine words end in an a sound (spelled –а or –я) or in a soft sign –лампа, демократия, любо́вь love Neuter words end in an o or e sound (spelled –о, –ё, or –е), and occasionally in –я –слово, имя The nominative case is the form you learn when you learn vocabulary

10 Indeclinable words To decline a noun is to change its endings according to case Indeclinable words dont change their endings (prepositional = nominative) Foreign words that dont end in consonant sounds or the sound /a/ are indeclinable (e.g., Буффало, радио, такси) Foreign womens names that end in anything other than the sound /a/ are indeclinable (e.g., Джули Julie, Джил Jill)

11 Indeclinable words Где вы живёте? Буффало –Я живу в Буффало. Кентукки –Я живу в Кентукки. Гонолулу –Я живу в Гонолулу. Канзас-сити –Я живу в Канзас-сити.

12 When to use prepositional case To answer the question Где? where –Где вы живёте? –Я живу в Питтсбурге. Other uses to be covered later

13 Prepositional case endings Indeclinable nouns dont change their endings If a noun ends in a consonant other than й –add –е –Нью-Йорк, в Нью-Йорке If a noun ends in й, а, or я –drop that letter and add –е –музей, в музее –Москва, в Москве But if the prepositional would wind up ending in –ие –Write –ии instead –Пенсильвания, в Пенсильвании

14 Где вы учитесь? Я́ учусь в … –в Торонто –в Каламазу –в Кентукки –в Сан-Франциско –в Чикаго

15 When does в become во? Я́ учу́сь … –во Флориде –во Франции –во Владивостоке –в Филадельфии –в Ванкувере В becomes во before consonant clusters that begin with в or ф

16 Где ты учишься? Я учусь … в университетв университете в Атлантав Атланте в Петербу́ргв Петербу́рге в Кана́дав Кана́де во Францияво Фра́нции в Испанияв Испа́нии в Германияв Герма́нии в То́кио

17 Где вы живёте? Я живу … в Нью́-Йо́ркв Нью́-Йо́рке в музе́йв музе́е в Питтсбу́ргв Питтсбу́рге в Москвав Москве́ в Калифо́рнияв Калифо́рнии в Колора́до в Миссу́ри в А́нглияв А́нглии

18 Где Джордж Буш? Джо́рдж Бу́ш в Теха́се. Теха́с

19 Где Владимир Владимирович Путин ? Влади́мир Влади́мирович Пу́тин в Москве́. Москва

20 Где Микки Маус? Микки Маус во Флориде, в Диснейворлде. Флори́да, Диснейво́рлд

21 Где Тони Блэр? Тони Блэр в Лондоне, в Англии. Ло́ндон, А́нглия

22 Где Арнольд Шварценеггер? Арнольд Шварценеггер в Калифорнии. Калифо́рния

23 Где Осама бин Ладен? Осама бин Ладен … –в Пакистане? –в Афганистане? –в Сомалии? –в Ливии? –в Питтсбурге?

24 Being nebby Walk over to someone you dont know and –Introduce yourself and ask his or her name –Say that youre pleased to meet each other –Learn where your partner lives and studies –At least one of you must pretend that you live and study somewhere other than Pittsburgh Now meet someone else

25 Being nebby How do you introduce yourself and learn someones name? –Greeting (generic or time appropriate) –My name is … –Whats your name –Pleased to meet you How do you learn where someone lives or studies? –Где ты живёшь? (Я живу в …) –Где ты у́чишься? (Я учу ́сь в …)

26 Being nebby Walk over to someone you dont know and –Introduce yourself and ask his or her name –Say that youre pleased to meet each other –Ask where your partner lives and studies and reply appropriately –At least one of you must pretend that you live and study somewhere other than Pittsburgh Now meet someone else

27 Мо́й, моя́, или моё? бана ́н

28 Мо́й, моя́, или моё? ко ́т

29 Мо́й, моя́, или моё? во ́дка

30 Мо́й, моя́, или моё? зебра

31 Мо́й, моя́, или моё? фо ́то

32 Мо́й, моя́, или моё? ба ́нджо

33 Мо́й, моя́, или моё? а ́том

34 Мо́й, моя́, или моё? ла ́мпа

35 Мо́й, моя́, или моё? тромбо ́н

36 Мо́й, моя́, или моё? па ́спорт

37 Мо́й, моя́, или моё? ма ́ска

38 Мо́й, моя́, или моё? ви ́за

39 Мо́й, моя́, или моё? автобус

40 Мо́й, моя́, или моё? телефо ́н

41 Мо́й, моя́, или моё? телеви ́зор

42 Мо́й, моя́, или моё? флейта

43 Мо́й, моя́, или моё? профе ́ссор

44 Мо́й, моя́, или моё? ти ́гр

45 Мо́й, моя́, или моё? пингви ́н

46 Мо́й, моя́, или моё? сви ́тер

47 Мо́й, моя́, или моё? крокоди ́л

48 Мо́й, моя́, или моё? ли мо́н

49 Мо́й, моя́, или моё? шокола ́д

50 Мо́й, моя́, или моё? компью ́тер

51 Мо́й, моя́, или моё? трамвай

52 Мо́й, моя́, или моё? троллейбус