Dmitri Ivanovich Mendelee v. Childhood and family members Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev was born February 8, 1834 in Verkhnie Aremzyani, in the Russian province. - презентация

1 Dmitri Ivanovich Mendelee v

2 Childhood and family members Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev was born February 8, 1834 in Verkhnie Aremzyani, in the Russian province of Siberia. His family was unusually large: he may have had as many as 16 brothers and sisters, although the exact number is uncertain. His father was a teacher who had graduated at Saint Petersburgs Main Pedalogical Institute – a teacher training institution. When his father went blind, his mother re-opened a glass factory which had originally been started by his father and then closed. His father died when Mendeleev was just 13 and the glass factory burned down when he was 15.

3 Early life and education Aged 16, he moved to Saint Petersburg, which was then Russias capital city. He won a place at his fathers old college, in part because the head of the college had known his father. There, Mendeleev trained to be a teacher. By the time he was 20, Mendeleev was showing his promise and publishing original research papers. Suffering from tuberculosis, he often had to work from bed. He graduated as the top student in his year, despite the fact that his uncontrollable temper had made him unpopular with some of his teachers and fellow students. In St. Petersburg he studied for a masters degree in chemistry at the University of St. Petersburg. He was awarded his degree in 1856.

4 Contributions to another spheres of science Beyond his theoretical work in chemistry, Mendeleyev was known for his more practical scientific studies, often for the benefit of the national economy. He was involved in research on Russian petroleum production, the coal industry and advanced agricultural methods, and he acted as a government consultant on issues ranging from new types of gunpowder to national tariffs. Mendeleyev remained occupied with scientific activities after leaving his teaching post in He contributed numerous articles to the new Brockhaus Encyclopedia, and in 1893 he was named director of Russia's new Central Board of Weights and Measures. He also oversaw multiple reprints of The Principles of Chemistry.

5 Private life of Mendeleev Mendeleyev was married twice, to Feozva Nikitichna Leshcheva in 1862 and to Anna Ivanova Popova in He had a combined six children from those two marriages.

6 Periodic Table Mendeleev was certain that better, more fundamental principles could be found; this was his mindset when, in 1869, he began writing a second volume of his book The Principles of Chemistry. At the heart of chemistry were its elements. What, wondered Mendeleev, could they reveal to him if he could find some way of organizing them logically? He wrote the names of the 65 known elements on cards – much like playing cards – one element on each card. He then wrote the fundamental properties of every element on its own card, including atomic weight. He saw that atomic weight was important in some way – the behavior of the elements seemed to repeat as their atomic weights increased – but he could not see the pattern.

7 Convinced that he was close to discovering something significant, Mendeleev moved the cards about for hour after hour until finally he fell asleep at his desk. When he awoke, he found that his subconscious mind had done his work for him! He now knew the pattern the elements followed. He later wrote: In a dream I saw a table where all the elements fell into place as required. Awakening, I immediately wrote it down on a piece of paper.

8 Completing puzzle The periodic table did not immediately impact the chemistry, but that changed with the discovery of the 1st missing element, Ga in Mendeleev had foreseen for the element he called eka-Al(Ga)

9 Summary Through time Mendeleyev's periodic table In the 1890s Noble gases Another 60 or so elements have since been discovered and others may still be waiting to be found. The lanthanides (atomic # 57–71) actinides (atomic # 89–103) 2012, the periodic table has a total of 118 elements. Atomic number 101, Mendelevium, is named after the periodic tables architect

10 Classifying the elements AN OVERALL UNDERSTANDING of how the elements are related to each other and why they exhibit their particular chemical and physical properties was slow in coming. Between 1868 and 1870, in the process of writing his book, The Principles of Chemistry, Mendeleev created a table or chart that listed the known elements according to increasing order of atomic weights. When he organized the table into horizontal rows, a pattern became apparent--but only if he left blanks in the table. If he did so, elements with similar chemical properties appeared at regular intervals--periodically--in vertical columns on the table.

11 Scientific method The advantage Mendeleevs table had over previous attempts was that it not only exhibited similiraties in small units such as triads,but it alsoshowed similarities in an entire network of vertical,horizontal and diagonal relationships. He realized that by arranging the element cards in order of increasing atomic weight that certain types of elements regularly occured

12 Interests Besides his interests in chemistry,Mendeleev interested in Art,Education and Economy

13 Mendeleyev's achievements Mendeleyev's achievements List of titles and ranks it includes more than 100 items. Almost all of Russia and the majority of the most respected foreign academies, universities and scientific societies, he was elected its honorary member. The Order of St. Vladimir I degree The Order of St. Vladimir II degree Order of St. Alexander Nevsky The Order of the White Eagle The Order of St. Anne I degree The Order of St. Anne's II degree Order of St. Stanislaus I degree Legion of HonorH. Davy Medal, which was awarded the Royal Society in 1882, Mendeleev and L. Meyer Medal G. Colpi which Mendeleev awarded the Royal Society in 1905 Mendeleev - Doctor of the Academy of Sciences of Turin (1893) and Cambridge University (1894), Doctor of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University (1865), Doctor of Law of Edinburgh (1884) and Princeton (1896), the University of Glasgow (1904), Doctor Civil Law, University of Oxford (1894), Doctor of Philosophy and Master of Liberal Arts of the University of Göttingen (1887); Member of the Royal Society (Royal Society): London (Royal Society for Assistance to the natural sciences, 1892), Edinburgh (1888), Dublin (1886); Member of the Academy of Sciences: Roman (Accademia dei Lincei, 1893), the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences (1905), the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1889), National Academy of Sciences of the United States (Boston, 1903), the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences (Copenhagen, 1889 ), Royal Irish Academy (1889), South-Slavic (Zagreb), the Czech Academy of Sciences, Literature and Arts (1891), Krakow (1891), the Belgian Academy of Science, Literature and Fine Arts (accocié, 1896), the Academy of Arts (St..Petersburg, 1893); Honorary Member of the Royal Institution of Great Britain (1891); Corresponding Member of the St. Petersburg (1876), Paris (1899), Prussia (1900), Hungary (1900), Bologna (1901), Serbia (1904) Academies of Sciences; honorary member of the Moscow (1880), Kiev (1880), Kazan (1880), Kharkov (1880), Novorossiysk (1880), Tartu (1902), St. Petersburg (1903), Tomsk (1904) universities, and - Institute of Agriculture Agriculture and Forestry in New Alexandria (1895), St. Petersburg Technological (1904) and the St. Petersburg Polytechnic Institute, St. Petersburg Medical-Surgical (1869) and Peter's Agricultural and Forestry Academy (1881), Moscow Technical School (1880). Mendeleev was elected its honorary member of the Russian Physics and Chemistry (1880), Russian college (1881), Russian astronomy (1900), St. Petersburg Mineralogical (1890) of the company, and another 30 agricultural, medical, pharmaceutical and other Russian companies - independent and university: Society of Biological Chemistry (International Association for promoting research, 1899), the Society of Naturalists in Brunswick (1888), English (1883), US (1889), German (1894) Chemical Society, Physical Society in Frankfurt -Mayne (1875) and the Society of Physical Sciences in Bucharest (1899), Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain (1888), Philadelphia College of Pharmacy (1893), the Royal Society of Sciences and Letters in Gothenburg (1886), Manchester Literary and Philosophical (1889) and the Cambridge Philosophical (1897) of the company, the Royal Philosophical Society of Glasgow (1904), Scientific Society Altsate Antonio (Mexico City, 1904), the International Committee for Weights and Measures (1901) and many other domestic and foreign academic institutions. The scientist was awarded the Davy Medal of the Royal Society (1882), Medal of the Academy of Meteorological aerostatics (Paris, 1884), Faraday medal of the British Chemical Society (1889), the Copley Medal of the Royal Society (1905) and many other awards. [3] [9]

14 Mendeleyev's achievements Mendeleyev's achievements 40 % vodka French aerostat meteorology academy awarded him Russian Navy

15 Additional sciences Periodic law, education, education. Organic chemistry, the doctrine of extreme forms of the compounds. Solutions, the technology of oil and petroleum economics. Physics of liquids and gases, meteorology, aeronautics, environmental resistance, shipbuilding, the development of the Far North. Standards, Metrology issues. Solid-state chemistry, technology and solid fuel heating. Biology, medicinal chemistry, agricultural chemistry, agriculture.