THE BRITISH DYNASTIES THE BRITISH DYNASTIES. It is necessary to study the history History shows us the unity of nations, their simility. History shows. - презентация

1 THE BRITISH DYNASTIES THE BRITISH DYNASTIES

2 It is necessary to study the history History shows us the unity of nations, their simility. History shows us the unity of nations, their simility. History must teach everyone-that is its main intention. History must teach everyone-that is its main intention. If we know the history we can understand lots in our present and foresee the future in order to escape some mistakes that took place in the history earlier.

3 The main aim of the project to show the general number of talented rulers in the amazing history of Britain. to show the general number of talented rulers in the amazing history of Britain.

4 The final product The final product the brochure with the order of all the rulers of Great Britain who were the kings and queens since the IX century till nowadays. the brochure with the order of all the rulers of Great Britain who were the kings and queens since the IX century till nowadays.

5 The First British Dynasties The British dynasties take their beginning from Saxon kings. The first British king was Alfred the Great. He was the only king of England who got the name the Great. Alfred, the grandson of Egbert, became king in the year 871, when England's danger was greatest. The British dynasties take their beginning from Saxon kings. The first British king was Alfred the Great. He was the only king of England who got the name the Great. Alfred, the grandson of Egbert, became king in the year 871, when England's danger was greatest.

6 The Anglo-Saxon kings that ruled after Alfred the Great Edward the Elder, Edward the Elder, Athelstan. Athelstan. Edmund I, Edmund I, Edred, Edred, Edwy the Fair. Edwy the Fair. Edgar the Peaceful, Edgar the Peaceful, Edward the Martyr. Edward the Martyr. Aethelred, Aethelred, Edmund II. Edmund II.

7 A new dynasty of Danish kings In 1016, the king of Denmark Canute became also the king of England. In 1016, the king of Denmark Canute became also the king of England. Canute was a strong monarch and gave England peace for nearly twenty years. Canute was a strong monarch and gave England peace for nearly twenty years.

8 In France there was a young boy named William, who was the son of the Duke of Normandy. This was the boy who in the year 1066 came and conquered England. William the Conqueror

9 Battle at Hastings William marched his army to London. Nobody tried to stop him on the way, and when he approached London, he found the gates open. He was met by the Saxon bishops and nobles. They knew that they could not stop William, so they asked him to be the king of England. William marched his army to London. Nobody tried to stop him on the way, and when he approached London, he found the gates open. He was met by the Saxon bishops and nobles. They knew that they could not stop William, so they asked him to be the king of England. Hastings. Ruins of the Norman castle

10 William II ( ) Henry I ( ), Stephen ( ) After Stephen's death, the English throne passed to the Plantagenet dynasty. After Stephen's death, the English throne passed to the Plantagenet dynasty. After William the Conqueror's death in 1087, three more kings of the Norman dynasty ruled England After William the Conqueror's death in 1087, three more kings of the Norman dynasty ruled England

11 Richard I the Lion-Heart ( ) Richard the Lion-Heart was killed in one of the battles in France, and the English throne passed to his brother John. Richard the Lion-Heart was killed in one of the battles in France, and the English throne passed to his brother John.

12 Next rulers of the Plantagenet dynasty. Richard I the Lion-Heart John Lackland Henry III, Edward I, Edward II, Edward III, Richard II.

13 The Lancaster and York dynasties Henry IV Henry IV ( ). ( ). Richard III Richard III ( ) ( ) That's why the war between them got the name of the War of the Roses. The Lancasters had a red rose in their coat of arms, the Yorkists had a white rose.

14 the War of the Roses ( ) The War of the Roses ended with the battle of Bosworth in King Richard III of the House of York was killed in the battle, and, right in the field, Henry Tudor, Earl of Richmond', was proclaimed King of England

15 Tudors. Absolute monarchy During the Tudor period, from 1485 till 1603, England's foreign policy changed several times. Henry VII was careful to remain friendly with neighbouring countries. His son Henry VIII was more ambitious, hoping to play an important part in European politics. He was unsuccessful. Mary allied England to Spain by her marriage. Elizabeth and her advisers considered trade the most important foreign policy matter, as Henry VII had done. During the Tudor period, from 1485 till 1603, England's foreign policy changed several times. Henry VII was careful to remain friendly with neighbouring countries. His son Henry VIII was more ambitious, hoping to play an important part in European politics. He was unsuccessful. Mary allied England to Spain by her marriage. Elizabeth and her advisers considered trade the most important foreign policy matter, as Henry VII had done.

16 Henry VII Henry VII is less known than either Henry VIII or Elizabeth I. He firmly believed that business was good for the state. Henry's aim was to make the Crown financially independent, and the lands and the fines he took from the old nobility helped him do this.

17 Henry VIII Henry VIII was cruel and wasteful with money Henry VIII was cruel and wasteful with money Henry VIII wanted to have an important influence on European politics Henry VIII wanted to have an important influence on European politics

18 Catherine of Aragon In 1510 Henry had married Catherine of Aragon. But by 1526 she had still not had a son who could be the heir to the throne after Henry's death. Henry asked the Pope to allow him to divorce Catherine In 1510 Henry had married Catherine of Aragon. But by 1526 she had still not had a son who could be the heir to the throne after Henry's death. Henry asked the Pope to allow him to divorce Catherine

19 Anne Boleyn. Now Henry was free to divorce Catherine and marry his new love, Anne Boleyn. He hoped Anne would give him a son to follow him on the throne.. Now Henry was free to divorce Catherine and marry his new love, Anne Boleyn. He hoped Anne would give him a son to follow him on the throne.

20 Jane Seymour Jane Seymour, the only wife whom Henry had really loved but who had died giving birth to his only son. Jane Seymour, the only wife whom Henry had really loved but who had died giving birth to his only son.

21 Edward VI Henry VIII's son, was only a child of 9 years old when he became king, so the country was ruled by a council.

22 Mary, the Catholic daughter of Catherine of Aragon Mary, the Catholic daughter of Catherine of Aragon, became queen when Edward, aged sixteen, died in Mary was unwise and made mistakes in her policy. Three hundred people died in this way during her five-year reign. For these mass executions she was called Bloody Mary. Mary, the Catholic daughter of Catherine of Aragon, became queen when Edward, aged sixteen, died in Mary was unwise and made mistakes in her policy. Three hundred people died in this way during her five-year reign. For these mass executions she was called Bloody Mary.

23 Elizabeth I When she became queen in 1558, Elizabeth I wanted to find a peaceful answer to the problems of the English Reformation. She wanted to bring together again those parts of English society (Catholic and Protestant) which were in disagreement. And she wanted to make England prosperous.

24 Elizabeth I Elizabeth also introduced a book of sermons to be used in church. Besides containing texts of the sermons based on the Bible, this book also taught the people that rebellion against the Crown was a sin against God. Elizabeth also introduced a book of sermons to be used in church. Besides containing texts of the sermons based on the Bible, this book also taught the people that rebellion against the Crown was a sin against God.

25 Mary, the Queen of Scots Mary, the Scottish queen, usually called Queen of Scots, was the heir to the English throne because she was Elizabeth's closest living relative, as Elizabeth had no children. Mary quarreled with some of her nobles and had to escape to England, where Elizabeth kept her as a prisoner for almost twenty years. Mary, the Scottish queen, usually called Queen of Scots, was the heir to the English throne because she was Elizabeth's closest living relative, as Elizabeth had no children. Mary quarreled with some of her nobles and had to escape to England, where Elizabeth kept her as a prisoner for almost twenty years.

26 King James I Like Elizabeth, James I tried to rule without Parliament as much as possible. He believed in the right of kings: the king was chosen by God and therefore only God could judge him. He expressed these ideas openly and this led to trouble with Parliament. Like Elizabeth, James I tried to rule without Parliament as much as possible. He believed in the right of kings: the king was chosen by God and therefore only God could judge him. He expressed these ideas openly and this led to trouble with Parliament. Until his death in 1625 James was always quarrelling with Parliament over money and over its desire, to play a part in his foreign policy. Until his death in 1625 James was always quarrelling with Parliament over money and over its desire, to play a part in his foreign policy.

27 King James I

28 Charles I Charles quarreled with Parliament even more bitterly than his father had done. Charles quarreled with Parliament even more bitterly than his father had done. Between 1629 and 1640 Charles successfully ruled without Parliament. He was able to balance his budgets, he got rid of dishonesty among officials and made administration efficient. By 1637 he was at the height of his power. Between 1629 and 1640 Charles successfully ruled without Parliament. He was able to balance his budgets, he got rid of dishonesty among officials and made administration efficient. By 1637 he was at the height of his power.

29 George Hanover King James I had a granddaughter, Sophia, who was a Protestant. She married the Elector of Hanover, also a Protestant. The British Parliament declared their son, George Hanover the heir to the English throne after Queen Anne, who had no surviving children. When Queen Anne died in 1714, George Hanover ascended the English throne as George I, thus starting a new dynasty.

30 George Hanover George I was a strange king. He was a true German and did not try to follow English customs. He could not speak English and spoke to his ministers in French, but Parliament supported him because he was a Protestant.

31 Queen Elizabeth II Nowadays the ruler of Britain is Queen Elizabeth II from the last Dynasty of Windsor that takes its beginning from 1910 year with the reign of George V. Elizabeth is the daughter of George VI. Since 1952, when Elizabeth II became queen, the monarchy has been steadily growing.

32 Queen Elizabeth II

33 The final product The brochure The brochure