MUSHROOM A mushroom (or toadstool) is a member of a large group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well. - презентация

1 MUSHROOM A mushroom (or toadstool) is a member of a large group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar.These organisms are classified as the kingdom fungi which is separate from plants animals and bacteria.One major difference is that fungal cells have cell walls that contain chitin unlike the cell walls of plants which conyein cellulose.

2 SPECIES There are many species of mushroom in the world. For example: 1.Pileate 2.Edible 3.Poisonous 4.Mold 5.Parasitic 6.Champignon 7.Morel 8.Fly aragic

3 BASIC FEATURES At first with animals :fungi lack chroloplasts and are heterotrophick organisms requiring preformed organic compounds as energy sources. Some species grow as single-celled yeasts that reproduce by budding or binary fission. Dimorphic fungi can switch between a yeast phase and a hyphal phase in response to environmental conditions. In common with some plant and animal species, more than 60 fungal species display the phenomenon of bioluminescence.

4 As plants, they are motionless Grow all time while are viable Cells are capsuled by a thick capsule Features from plants Feed without swallowing Absorbing nutrients by whole surface

5 Features from animals Do not have chloroplasts and photosynthesis process Capsule of the cells as at insects protein- chitinous Feed on ready organic substances At plants spare nutrient - starch At animals spare substances is glycogen

6 MOLD FUNGI Mold fungi develop on the surface of organic materials.They strongly expand.Mold fungi cause damage of products, destroy many industrial materials.They widespread in soil.Mold fungi are used for reception of antibiotics, vitamins, organic acids,etc.

7 PILEATE FUNGI Pileate fungi more often meet in wood under trees. They do not have require direct solar beams,because they do not have chloroplants,but for successful growth they need warmth an moisture.They feed on ready organic substances.The fruit body of pileate fungi consists of cap and stump.

8 EDIBLE AND POISONOUS FUNGI Pileate fungi can be edible andpoisonous.it is necessary to be able to distinguish them.Edible fungi – very vsluable foodstuff.They contain 80% of proteins. For this reason they are called wood meat. Gather them cautiously – not damaging a mycelium,cut off knife at the basis.

9 PARASITIC FUNGI Many mushrooms are blight to the national economy.Parasitic fungi live in living organism and feed organic substances.To parasitic fungi are concerned powdery mildew,rust,bunt,tinger fungus and ergot.Such parasites reduce the productivity of adricultivated crops on the average to 30 %.Tinger fungus get in a tree trunk and expanded.

10 Fungi received mankind antibiotic -penicillin They use in baking of bread It has many vitamins

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