Речь какого-нибудь лица, передаваемая буквально так, как она была произнесена, называется прямой речью (direct speech). Речь, передаваемая не слово в слово, а только по содержанию, в виде дополнительных придаточных предложений, называется косвенной речью (reported speech).

Прямая речь может представлять собой: 1. повествовательное предложение 2. вопросительное предложение 3. повелительное предложение

Present Simple Past Simple Present Progressive Past Progressive Past Simple Past Perfect Present Perfect Past Perfect Present Perfect Progressive Past Perfect Progressive Future Simple Future-in-the-past

go/goes went am/is/are going was/were going went had gone have / has gone had gone have/has been going had been going shall/will go should/would go

Remember! this that yesterday the day before yesterday these those tomorrow the next day here there the day before yesterday two days before now then the day after tomorrow in two days time today that day ago before this week that week next week the week after

John said: I live in New York. John said (that) he lived in New York

Bob said: I am learning French. Bob said he was learning French

Ann said:Jack went home. Ann said Jack had gone home.

Fred said:I have done it. Fred explained he had done it.

Kevin said: I have been coughing for a week. Kevin explained he had been coughing for a week.

We said: We shall win the game. We said we should win the game

here there this that today that day ago before now then these those yesterday the day before last week the previous week tomorrow the next day

1. He said:I cant translate this article. He said he couldnt translate that article. 2. He said:I was here yesterday. He said that he had been there the day before.

Если прямая речь является вопросительным предложением (прямым вопросом), то при обращении в косвенную она становится дополнительным придаточным предложением (косвенным вопросом)

2 типа прямых вопросов Специальные вопросы, начинающиеся с who, which, whose, when, why, how, how many, how much, how long, … Общие вопросы, начинающиеся с вспомогательного или модального глагола

Когда прямой вопрос начинается с вопросительного слова или группы слов, то при обращении его в косвенный вопрос производятся следующие изменения: вопросительный знак опускается, и вопросительный порядок слов в прямом вопросе заменяется порядком слов повествовательного предложения с теми же изменениями, как и в повествовательных предложениях. Вопросительное слово служит для присоединения косвенного вопроса к главному предложению.

1. He asked me:Why have you come so late? He asked me why I had come so late. 2. He asked me:Where do you live? He asked me where I lived.

Когда прямой вопрос начинается с вспомогательного или модального глагола, то косвенный вопрос присоединяется к главному предложению при помощи союзов whether или if, имеющих значение частицы ли. Далее производятся те же изменения, как и при обращении в косвенную речь вопроса, начинающегося с вопросительного слова.

1. She asked:Did John read the book? She asked if John had read the book. 2. He asked me: Will you be here tomorrow? He asked me whether I should be there the next day.

Когда прямая речь представляет собой повелительное предложение, то при обращении её в косвенную производятся следующие изменения: 1. Если прямая речь –приказание, то глагол to say сказать в словах, вводящих прямую речь, заменяется глаголом to tell велеть, to order приказывать. Если прямая речь – просьба, то глагол to say заменяется глаголом to ask просить. 2. Повелительное наклонение заменяется в косвенной речи инфинитивом. Отрицательная форма заменяется инфинитивом с частицей not.

1. She said to him:Come at five oclock. She told him to come at five oclock. 2. I said to her:Please bring me a glass of water. I asked her to bring me a glass of water.

Choose the correct verb form 1. The doctor said to me that I (shall/should) rest for a week. 2. He said that he (is going/was going) to learn Spanish. 3. He said that they (were/ had been) friends at school. 4. She asked if her knowledge of French (is/was) good. 5. The teacher asked who (is/was) present (that day/today) 6. He asked me where I (study/studied). 7. Mother ordered (not to play/to not play) in the street.

1. The doctor said to me that I should rest for a week. 2. He said that he was going to learn Spanish. 3. He said that they had been friends at school. 4. She asked if her knowledge of French was good. 5. The teacher asked who was present that day. 6. He asked me where I studied. 7. Mother ordered not to play in the street.

Put them into Reported speech 1. Im going to the seaside soon, she said. 2. Does this bus stop next station? asked Helen. 3. He asked her:Are you working now? 4. The teacher asked:Can you play the piano? 5. I asked her:Why are you late? 6. Who has broken the window? the teacher asked. 7. Look at this paper he said. 8. Dont go alone in the evening, she said.

1. She said that she was going to the seaside soon. 2. Helen asked if that bus stopped following station. 3. He asked her if she was working then. 4. The teacher asked if I could play the piano. 5. I asked why she was late. 6. The teacher asked who had broken the window. 7. He said to look at that paper. 8. The teacher told not to go alone in the evening. Prezentacii.com

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