From the History of Building
План урока: 1.Организационный этап. 2.Проверка знаний лексики по теме. 3.Разбор текста с использованием презентации. 4.Письменный перевод текста. 5.Информация о домашнем задании. Цель урока: Усвоение технической лексики по теме «Строительство»
Many thousands of years ago there were no houses such as people live in today. In hot countries people sometimes made their homes in trees and used leaves to protect themselves from rain or sun. In colder countries they dwelt in caves. To dwell (dwelt, dwelt) – жить, обитать A leaf – лист Leaves – листья
Later people left their caves and trees and began to build houses of different materials such as mud, wood or stones. People found out that bricks made of mud and dried in the hot sunshine became almost as hard as stones. To dry – сушить Dried - высушенные To find out (found out, found out) – выяснять, обнаруживать To leave (left, left) – покидать, оставлять Mud – речная глина, ил
In ancient Egypt especially, people learned the use of these sun dried mud bricks. Some of their buildings are still standing after several thousands of years. The ancient Egyptians discovered how to cut stone for building purposes. They erected temples, palaces and huge tombs. The greatest tomb is the stone pyramid of Khufu, Pharaoh of Egypt. Tomb – Надгробный памятник Pharaoh – фараон
The ancient Greeks also understood the art of building with cut stone, and their buildings were beautiful as well as useful. They often used pillars, partly for supporting the roofs and partly for decoration. Parts of these ancient buildings can still be seen today in Greece. As well as – также, как и
During the last hundred years many new methods of building have been discovered. Nowadays when it is necessary to have a very tall building, the frame of it is first built in steel and then the building is completed in concrete. Concrete is an artificial kind of stone, much cheaper than brick or natural stone and much stronger that they are. Kind – вид, тип, сорт
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