S2-1 PAT325, Section 2, February 2004 Copyright 2004 MSC.Software Corporation SECTION 2 COMPOSITE MODELING TERMINOLOGY 2 3 1

S2-2 PAT325, Section 2, February 2004 Copyright 2004 MSC.Software Corporation

S2-3 PAT325, Section 2, February 2004 Copyright 2004 MSC.Software Corporation COMPOSITE MATERIAL n Two or more materials combined on a macroscopic scale, for example fibre and resin n Highly directional properties n Highly variable properties, particularly strength

S2-4 PAT325, Section 2, February 2004 Copyright 2004 MSC.Software Corporation n A composite material which exists in sheet form, whose thickness is small compared with any other dimension n Each discrete lamina is usually referred to as a layer or ply. Through this course the word ply will be used. n May consist of several fibre directions woven into each other, usually two, but sometimes one or three n Usually has a main direction, or at least a reference direction COMPOSITE LAMINA 2 3 1

S2-5 PAT325, Section 2, February 2004 Copyright 2004 MSC.Software Corporation n From textile weaving, the following definitions are used u Warp fibers are aligned in the direction of the roll of the cloth(circumferential direction). They tend to be straighest because of the tension they are placed in. u Weft(fill) fibers are the sideways fibers in the roll(axial direction) WARP AND WEFT(FILL) Warp fiber Weft fiber

S2-6 PAT325, Section 2, February 2004 Copyright 2004 MSC.Software Corporation LAMINATE n A stack of lamina joined together in select directions, usually referred to as a composite or layup. Through this course the word layup will be used. n The laminate material is often converted into an equivalent anisotropic homogeneous material for analysis purposes. n A laminated material is an artifice to aid an analysis, and usually has no physical counterpart

S2-7 PAT325, Section 2, February 2004 Copyright 2004 MSC.Software Corporation COMPOSITE STRUCTURE n A part or an assembly made up of laminates

S2-8 PAT325, Section 2, February 2004 Copyright 2004 MSC.Software Corporation COMPOSITE DESCRIPTIONS Plies Zones NB: Elements may follow ply boundaries for detailed analysis Geometry Mesh

S2-9 PAT325, Section 2, February 2004 Copyright 2004 MSC.Software Corporation PLY, ZONE, PLY MODELING n Create Ply Material n Create Ply n Create Ply Layup n Laminate Materials u Anisotropic n Analysis, e.g. Nastran n Results n Failure Calculation n Results Sort Ply/Layup Description Zone Description Analysis path

S2-10 PAT325, Section 2, February 2004 Copyright 2004 MSC.Software Corporation