Slide title minimum 48 pt Slide subtitle minimum 30 pt Measure Solutions

Slide title minimum 32 pt (32 pt makes 2 rows Text and bullet level 1 minimum 24 pt Bullets level 2-5 minimum 20 pt !"#$%&'()*+,-./ :; UVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxy z{|}~¡¢£¤¥¦§¨©ª«¬®¯°±²³´¶·¸¹º»¼½ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈËÌÍ ÎÏÐÑÒÓÔÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñ òóôõö÷øùúûüýþÿĀāĂăąĆćĊċČĎďĐđĒĖėĘęĚ ěĞğĠġĢģĪīĮįİıĶķĹĺĻļĽľŁłŃńŅņŇňŌŐőŒœŔŕŖŗ ŘřŚśŞşŠšŢţŤťŪūŮůŰűŲųŴŵŶŷŸŹźŻżŽžƒȘșˆˇ˘ ˙˚˛˜˝–… ĀĀĂĂĄĄĆĆĊĊČČĎĎĐĐĒĒĖĖĘĘĚĚĞĞĠĠĢĢĪĪĮĮİĶĶĹ ĹĻĻĽĽŃŃŅŅŇŇŌŌŐŐŔŔŖŖŘŘŚŚŞŞŢŢŤŤŪŪŮŮŰŰ ŲŲŴŴŶŶŹŹŻŻȘș ΆΈΉΊΌΎΏΐΑΒΓΕΖΗΘΙΚΛΜΝΞΟΠΡΣΤΥΦΧΨΪΫΆΈΉΊ ΰαβγδεζηθικλνξορςΣΤΥΦΧΨΩΪΫΌΎΏ ЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХ ЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦ ЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏ ѢѢѲѲѴѴ ҐҐәǽ Do not add objects or text in the footer area Commercial in confidence | © Ericsson AB 2010 | | Page 2 The time for an order acknowledgement is in average 3 days for a certain product. The predictability is at 0,5 days one standard deviation. In a customer contract it is required a: Order acknowledgement within 4 days Does this request any immediate improvement activity of the order acknowledge process? Normalizing the process

Slide title minimum 32 pt (32 pt makes 2 rows Text and bullet level 1 minimum 24 pt Bullets level 2-5 minimum 20 pt !"#$%&'()*+,-./ :; UVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxy z{|}~¡¢£¤¥¦§¨©ª«¬®¯°±²³´¶·¸¹º»¼½ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈËÌÍ ÎÏÐÑÒÓÔÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñ òóôõö÷øùúûüýþÿĀāĂăąĆćĊċČĎďĐđĒĖėĘęĚ ěĞğĠġĢģĪīĮįİıĶķĹĺĻļĽľŁłŃńŅņŇňŌŐőŒœŔŕŖŗ ŘřŚśŞşŠšŢţŤťŪūŮůŰűŲųŴŵŶŷŸŹźŻżŽžƒȘșˆˇ˘ ˙˚˛˜˝–… ĀĀĂĂĄĄĆĆĊĊČČĎĎĐĐĒĒĖĖĘĘĚĚĞĞĠĠĢĢĪĪĮĮİĶĶĹ ĹĻĻĽĽŃŃŅŅŇŇŌŌŐŐŔŔŖŖŘŘŚŚŞŞŢŢŤŤŪŪŮŮŰŰ ŲŲŴŴŶŶŹŹŻŻȘș ΆΈΉΊΌΎΏΐΑΒΓΕΖΗΘΙΚΛΜΝΞΟΠΡΣΤΥΦΧΨΪΫΆΈΉΊ ΰαβγδεζηθικλνξορςΣΤΥΦΧΨΩΪΫΌΎΏ ЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХ ЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦ ЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏ ѢѢѲѲѴѴ ҐҐәǽ Do not add objects or text in the footer area Commercial in confidence | © Ericsson AB 2010 | | Page 3 Average, = 3 days. Standard deviation, s = 0,5 days. Order acknowledgement, USL = 4 days. Z = x c - x m s x Z = = 1 = 2 => Z-table 0,5 0,5 p = 2,28E-02 = 2,28% So approx 2% of the order acknowledgement will be beyond 4 days (consequently 98% will be with in the 4 days). Was this according to the contract? s x p Normalizing the process

Slide title minimum 32 pt (32 pt makes 2 rows Text and bullet level 1 minimum 24 pt Bullets level 2-5 minimum 20 pt !"#$%&'()*+,-./ :; UVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxy z{|}~¡¢£¤¥¦§¨©ª«¬®¯°±²³´¶·¸¹º»¼½ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈËÌÍ ÎÏÐÑÒÓÔÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñ òóôõö÷øùúûüýþÿĀāĂăąĆćĊċČĎďĐđĒĖėĘęĚ ěĞğĠġĢģĪīĮįİıĶķĹĺĻļĽľŁłŃńŅņŇňŌŐőŒœŔŕŖŗ ŘřŚśŞşŠšŢţŤťŪūŮůŰűŲųŴŵŶŷŸŹźŻżŽžƒȘșˆˇ˘ ˙˚˛˜˝–… ĀĀĂĂĄĄĆĆĊĊČČĎĎĐĐĒĒĖĖĘĘĚĚĞĞĠĠĢĢĪĪĮĮİĶĶĹ ĹĻĻĽĽŃŃŅŅŇŇŌŌŐŐŔŔŖŖŘŘŚŚŞŞŢŢŤŤŪŪŮŮŰŰ ŲŲŴŴŶŶŹŹŻŻȘș ΆΈΉΊΌΎΏΐΑΒΓΕΖΗΘΙΚΛΜΝΞΟΠΡΣΤΥΦΧΨΪΫΆΈΉΊ ΰαβγδεζηθικλνξορςΣΤΥΦΧΨΩΪΫΌΎΏ ЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХ ЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦ ЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏ ѢѢѲѲѴѴ ҐҐәǽ Do not add objects or text in the footer area Commercial in confidence | © Ericsson AB 2010 | | Page 4 Securing deliveries The product from a particular supplier has been late in 5 of 20 occasions. You have now a very important delivery to make. You want to assure 99% delivery accuracy. How big safety margin should you apply to your supply organization? Std=5 days

Slide title minimum 32 pt (32 pt makes 2 rows Text and bullet level 1 minimum 24 pt Bullets level 2-5 minimum 20 pt !"#$%&'()*+,-./ :; UVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxy z{|}~¡¢£¤¥¦§¨©ª«¬®¯°±²³´¶·¸¹º»¼½ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈËÌÍ ÎÏÐÑÒÓÔÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñ òóôõö÷øùúûüýþÿĀāĂăąĆćĊċČĎďĐđĒĖėĘęĚ ěĞğĠġĢģĪīĮįİıĶķĹĺĻļĽľŁłŃńŅņŇňŌŐőŒœŔŕŖŗ ŘřŚśŞşŠšŢţŤťŪūŮůŰűŲųŴŵŶŷŸŹźŻżŽžƒȘșˆˇ˘ ˙˚˛˜˝–… ĀĀĂĂĄĄĆĆĊĊČČĎĎĐĐĒĒĖĖĘĘĚĚĞĞĠĠĢĢĪĪĮĮİĶĶĹ ĹĻĻĽĽŃŃŅŅŇŇŌŌŐŐŔŔŖŖŘŘŚŚŞŞŢŢŤŤŪŪŮŮŰŰ ŲŲŴŴŶŶŹŹŻŻȘș ΆΈΉΊΌΎΏΐΑΒΓΕΖΗΘΙΚΛΜΝΞΟΠΡΣΤΥΦΧΨΪΫΆΈΉΊ ΰαβγδεζηθικλνξορςΣΤΥΦΧΨΩΪΫΌΎΏ ЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХ ЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦ ЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏ ѢѢѲѲѴѴ ҐҐәǽ Do not add objects or text in the footer area Commercial in confidence | © Ericsson AB 2010 | | Page 5 Securing deliveries You can see the Z-value as a safety margin, because it s the distance the process is from the customer limit. 99% delivery accuracy => p = 1% S x = 5 days Z = x c - x m s x p = 1%Z = 2,32 2,32 = Safety marginSafety margin = 2,32 x 5 5 = 11,6 days

Slide title minimum 32 pt (32 pt makes 2 rows Text and bullet level 1 minimum 24 pt Bullets level 2-5 minimum 20 pt !"#$%&'()*+,-./ :; UVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxy z{|}~¡¢£¤¥¦§¨©ª«¬®¯°±²³´¶·¸¹º»¼½ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈËÌÍ ÎÏÐÑÒÓÔÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñ òóôõö÷øùúûüýþÿĀāĂăąĆćĊċČĎďĐđĒĖėĘęĚ ěĞğĠġĢģĪīĮįİıĶķĹĺĻļĽľŁłŃńŅņŇňŌŐőŒœŔŕŖŗ ŘřŚśŞşŠšŢţŤťŪūŮůŰűŲųŴŵŶŷŸŹźŻżŽžƒȘșˆˇ˘ ˙˚˛˜˝–… ĀĀĂĂĄĄĆĆĊĊČČĎĎĐĐĒĒĖĖĘĘĚĚĞĞĠĠĢĢĪĪĮĮİĶĶĹ ĹĻĻĽĽŃŃŅŅŇŇŌŌŐŐŔŔŖŖŘŘŚŚŞŞŢŢŤŤŪŪŮŮŰŰ ŲŲŴŴŶŶŹŹŻŻȘș ΆΈΉΊΌΎΏΐΑΒΓΕΖΗΘΙΚΛΜΝΞΟΠΡΣΤΥΦΧΨΪΫΆΈΉΊ ΰαβγδεζηθικλνξορςΣΤΥΦΧΨΩΪΫΌΎΏ ЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХ ЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦ ЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏ ѢѢѲѲѴѴ ҐҐәǽ Do not add objects or text in the footer area Commercial in confidence | © Ericsson AB 2010 | | Page 6 Securing deliveries You can see the Z-value as a safety margin, because it s the distance the process is from the customer limit. late in 5 of 20 occasions => p = 25% S x = 5 days Z = x c - x m s x p = 25%Z = 0,67 0,67 = Safety marginSafety margin = 0,67 x 5 5 = 3,35 days xmxm s x xcxc Z p

Slide title minimum 32 pt (32 pt makes 2 rows Text and bullet level 1 minimum 24 pt Bullets level 2-5 minimum 20 pt !"#$%&'()*+,-./ :; UVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxy z{|}~¡¢£¤¥¦§¨©ª«¬®¯°±²³´¶·¸¹º»¼½ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈËÌÍ ÎÏÐÑÒÓÔÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñ òóôõö÷øùúûüýþÿĀāĂăąĆćĊċČĎďĐđĒĖėĘęĚ ěĞğĠġĢģĪīĮįİıĶķĹĺĻļĽľŁłŃńŅņŇňŌŐőŒœŔŕŖŗ ŘřŚśŞşŠšŢţŤťŪūŮůŰűŲųŴŵŶŷŸŹźŻżŽžƒȘșˆˇ˘ ˙˚˛˜˝–… ĀĀĂĂĄĄĆĆĊĊČČĎĎĐĐĒĒĖĖĘĘĚĚĞĞĠĠĢĢĪĪĮĮİĶĶĹ ĹĻĻĽĽŃŃŅŅŇŇŌŌŐŐŔŔŖŖŘŘŚŚŞŞŢŢŤŤŪŪŮŮŰŰ ŲŲŴŴŶŶŹŹŻŻȘș ΆΈΉΊΌΎΏΐΑΒΓΕΖΗΘΙΚΛΜΝΞΟΠΡΣΤΥΦΧΨΪΫΆΈΉΊ ΰαβγδεζηθικλνξορςΣΤΥΦΧΨΩΪΫΌΎΏ ЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХ ЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦ ЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏ ѢѢѲѲѴѴ ҐҐәǽ Do not add objects or text in the footer area Commercial in confidence | © Ericsson AB 2010 | | Page 7 Securing deliveries Is it possible to release the order 11,6 - 3,35 = 8,25 days earlier to assure the delivery? earlier to assure the delivery? Safety margin = 3,35 days Safety margin = 11,6 days Z xmxm s x xcxc p = 1% xmxm s x xcxc Z p = 25%

Slide title minimum 32 pt (32 pt makes 2 rows Text and bullet level 1 minimum 24 pt Bullets level 2-5 minimum 20 pt !"#$%&'()*+,-./ :; UVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxy z{|}~¡¢£¤¥¦§¨©ª«¬®¯°±²³´¶·¸¹º»¼½ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈËÌÍ ÎÏÐÑÒÓÔÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñ òóôõö÷øùúûüýþÿĀāĂăąĆćĊċČĎďĐđĒĖėĘęĚ ěĞğĠġĢģĪīĮįİıĶķĹĺĻļĽľŁłŃńŅņŇňŌŐőŒœŔŕŖŗ ŘřŚśŞşŠšŢţŤťŪūŮůŰűŲųŴŵŶŷŸŹźŻżŽžƒȘșˆˇ˘ ˙˚˛˜˝–… ĀĀĂĂĄĄĆĆĊĊČČĎĎĐĐĒĒĖĖĘĘĚĚĞĞĠĠĢĢĪĪĮĮİĶĶĹ ĹĻĻĽĽŃŃŅŅŇŇŌŌŐŐŔŔŖŖŘŘŚŚŞŞŢŢŤŤŪŪŮŮŰŰ ŲŲŴŴŶŶŹŹŻŻȘș ΆΈΉΊΌΎΏΐΑΒΓΕΖΗΘΙΚΛΜΝΞΟΠΡΣΤΥΦΧΨΪΫΆΈΉΊ ΰαβγδεζηθικλνξορςΣΤΥΦΧΨΩΪΫΌΎΏ ЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХ ЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦ ЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏ ѢѢѲѲѴѴ ҐҐәǽ Do not add objects or text in the footer area Commercial in confidence | © Ericsson AB 2010 | | Page 8 Esercizio 1. Risk calculation. Qual e la probabilita di completare il processo descritto in piu di 220 ore note le attuali prestazioni delle singole attivita? (hours) (hours) task task task task task task task

Slide title minimum 32 pt (32 pt makes 2 rows Text and bullet level 1 minimum 24 pt Bullets level 2-5 minimum 20 pt !"#$%&'()*+,-./ :; UVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxy z{|}~¡¢£¤¥¦§¨©ª«¬®¯°±²³´¶·¸¹º»¼½ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈËÌÍ ÎÏÐÑÒÓÔÕÖ×ØÙÚÛÜÝÞßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñ òóôõö÷øùúûüýþÿĀāĂăąĆćĊċČĎďĐđĒĖėĘęĚ ěĞğĠġĢģĪīĮįİıĶķĹĺĻļĽľŁłŃńŅņŇňŌŐőŒœŔŕŖŗ ŘřŚśŞşŠšŢţŤťŪūŮůŰűŲųŴŵŶŷŸŹźŻżŽžƒȘșˆˇ˘ ˙˚˛˜˝–… ĀĀĂĂĄĄĆĆĊĊČČĎĎĐĐĒĒĖĖĘĘĚĚĞĞĠĠĢĢĪĪĮĮİĶĶĹ ĹĻĻĽĽŃŃŅŅŇŇŌŌŐŐŔŔŖŖŘŘŚŚŞŞŢŢŤŤŪŪŮŮŰŰ ŲŲŴŴŶŶŹŹŻŻȘș ΆΈΉΊΌΎΏΐΑΒΓΕΖΗΘΙΚΛΜΝΞΟΠΡΣΤΥΦΧΨΪΫΆΈΉΊ ΰαβγδεζηθικλνξορςΣΤΥΦΧΨΩΪΫΌΎΏ ЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХ ЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦ ЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌЎЏ ѢѢѲѲѴѴ ҐҐәǽ Do not add objects or text in the footer area Commercial in confidence | © Ericsson AB 2010 | | Page 9 Esercizio 1. Soluzione Qual e la probabilita di completare il processo descritto in piu di 220 ore note le attuali prestazioni delle singole attivita? (hours) (hours) Path 1 (task 1, 2, 5, 7) path 2 (task 1, 3, 6, 7) path 3 (task 1, 4, 7) Il cammino critico e dato dal path1 Z = ( )/15.1 = 1.32 => p = 9.27%