Unit 1 2007-09-06. Outline Handwriting problems Practice new vocabulary Review names Forming отчество Gender Male and female surnames Gender and nationalities.

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Unit

Outline Handwriting problems Practice new vocabulary Review names Forming отчество Gender Male and female surnames Gender and nationalities мой

Handwriting problems ш connects at the bottom (not like English w): о cannot connect to a following hooked letter: Hooked letters (л, м, я): л and к are short:

Businessman бизнесмен

Friend (two words: male and female) друг подруга

Brother бра ́т

Sister сестра

Hello (ты) Здра ́вствуй!

Whats your name? (ты) Ка ́к тебя́ зову́т?

Whats your surname? (вы) Ка ́к ва́ша фами́лия?

Very pleased to meet you. Очень приятно познакомиться с вами.

What did you say? (вы) Ка ́к вы́ сказа́ли?

(First) name и ́мя

Russian names и́мя о́тчество фами́лия Влади́мир Влади́мирович Пу́тин Воло́дя, Во́ва

Etiquette of address Address friends and peers (including fellow students) by first name or nickname. Address older people by first name (not nickname) and patronymic. There is a Russian counterpart to Mr. or Ms., but it is much more official than the English and is not commonly used. Foreigners do not use patronymics. Russians will usually address you by first name.

Names and ты́/вы́ If you use first name and patronymic (formal, respectful), use вы́. If you use nickname (informal), use ты́. Full first name (not nickname) without patronymic can go with either ты́ (informal relationship) or вы́ (peers, but not friends). Rule of thumb for students: –Use first name or nickname and ты́ with other students and with children. –Use first name and patronymic and вы́ with adult Russians. –Use first name and вы́ with your American teachers.

Russian names Влади́мир Влади́мирович Пу́тин Здра́вствуйте, Влади́мир Влади́мирович! Приве́т, Воло́дя! Приве́т, Во́ва! Здравствуй, Воло́дя! Здравствуй, Во́ва!

Asking about parts of names Whole name or just first name –Ка́к ва́с (тебя́) зову́т? Patronymic –Ка́к ва́ше о́тчество? First name and patronymic –Ка́к ва́ше и́мя и о́тчество? Surname –Ка́к ва́ша фами́лия?

Forming отчество Patronymic adds –ович/–евич (for men) or – овна/–евна (for women) to the fathers first name Иванович, Ивановна (Иван) Павлович, Павловна (Па́вел) Васильевич, Васильевна (Василий) Note that the masculine ends in a consonant sound and the feminine ends in an –а sound

Pronuncation of patronymics Patronymics tend to be slurred –Иванович (Иваныч), Ивановна (Иванна) –Павлович (Палыч), Павловна (Пална) –Васильевич (Василич), Васильевна (Васильна)

Use of patronymics Address adults (e.g., Russian teachers) by имя-отчество Use patronymic only with full first name –Yes: Владимир Владимирович –No: Володя Владимирович Foreigners do not have patronymics

Gender Russian nouns, like English nouns, are masculine, feminine or neuter (he, she, it) In Russian, grammatical gender is not tied as closely to natural gender as in English –Objects may have any gender Gender means –Adjectives agree –Verbs agree –Pronouns agree

How to predict gender Personal names and kinship terms: grammatical gender = natural gender –Александр, Александра, Саша Otherwise –Masculine words end in consonant sounds лимон, музей, коктейль –Feminine words end in an a sound (spelled –а or –я) or in a soft sign лампа, демократия, любовь love –Neuter words end in an o or e sound (spelled –о, –ё, or –е), and occasionally in –я слово, имя

Male and female surnames Алексей Александрович Каренин Анна Аркадьевна Каренина Фёдор Михайлович Достоевский Анна Григорьевна Достоевская As with other nouns, masculine ends in a consonant sound, feminine ends in an –а sound

Names of men are all masculine Алексей (Алёша) Александр (Саша) Борис (Боря) Виктор (Витя) Иван (Ваня) Максим (Макс) Михаил (Миша) Павел (Паша)

Names of women are all feminine Александра (Саша) Анна (Аня) Елена (Лена) Ирина (Ира) Лариса (Лара) Любовь (Люба) Ольга (Оля) Татьяна (Таня)

Gender and nationalities американец/американка канадец/канадка англичанин/англичанка русский/русская cf. Достоевский/Достоевская As with other nouns, masculine ends in a consonant sound, feminine ends in an –а sound

мой Possessive pronouns (my, your, etc.) мой, моя, моё Structure: moj, moj+a, moj+o –Note the m/f/n endings As with nouns, masculine ends in a consonant sound, feminine ends in an –а sound, neuter ends in an –о sound

Мо́й, моя́, или моё? бана ́н

Мо́й, моя́, или моё? ко ́т

Мо́й, моя́, или моё? во ́дка

Мо́й, моя́, или моё? зебра

Мо́й, моя́, или моё? фо ́то

Мо́й, моя́, или моё? ба ́нджо

Мо́й, моя́, или моё? а ́том

Мо́й, моя́, или моё? ла ́мпа

Мо́й, моя́, или моё? тромбо ́н

Мо́й, моя́, или моё? па ́спорт

Мо́й, моя́, или моё? ма ́ска

Мо́й, моя́, или моё? ви ́за

Мо́й, моя́, или моё? автобус

Мо́й, моя́, или моё? телефо ́н

Мо́й, моя́, или моё? телеви ́зор

Мо́й, моя́, или моё? флейта

Мо́й, моя́, или моё? профе ́ссор

Мо́й, моя́, или моё? ти ́гр

Мо́й, моя́, или моё? пингви ́н

Мо́й, моя́, или моё? сви ́тер

Мо́й, моя́, или моё? крокоди ́л

Мо́й, моя́, или моё? ли мо́н

Мо́й, моя́, или моё? шокола ́д

Мо́й, моя́, или моё? компью ́тер

Мо́й, моя́, или моё? трамвай

Мо́й, моя́, или моё? троллейбус

Other possessive pronouns Как ваше отчество? Как ваша фамилия?