Direct speech and reported speech Liliya Sharifullina.

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Direct speech and reported speech Liliya Sharifullina

Statements She says: I phone my friends every day. She says (that) she phones her friends every day She said: I phone my friends every day. She said (that) she phoned her friends every day. He said: I can solve this problem. He said (that) he could solve that problem.

Tense Changes present simple --- past simple (V;Vs) --- (Ved;V 2 ) future simple --- future in the past (will V) --- (would V) She said past simple --- past perfect (Ved;V 2 ) --- (had V 3) present perfect --- past perfect (have/has V 3) --- ( had V 3)

Questions 1.Для передачи в косвенной речи вопросов чаще всего используется глаголы: asked, wanted to know, wondered 2.При изложении в косвенной речи общих вопросов используется один из названных глаголов с союзом if,при этом порядок слов в вопросе становится прямым. She said: Are you a good pupil? – She asked if I was a good pupil. 3.Для передачи в косвенной речи специальных вопросов союз if не используется, порядок слов в вопросе становится прямым. She said: What is he doing now? – She wanted to know what he was doing then.

Commands, orders, requests Ask, advise, order, remind, teach, tell, warn Dont --- not to V ---- to V He says: Go to the shop, please. (положительная просьба) He asks/tells to go to the shop. He says: Dont go to the shop. (отрицательная просьба) He asks/tells not to go to the shop.

Modal Verbs Direct Speech Indirect Speech Can Could Could Had been able to May Might Might Might Be to Was/were to Have to Had to Must Must Should Should Ought Ought Need Needed

Verbs to use To announce объявлять, заявлять, извещать To declare объявлять, заявлять, провозглашать To inform сообщать, информировать To remark отмечать, замечать, высказываться To admit допускать, признавать To deny отрицать To agree соглашаться To disagree не соглашаться To remind напомнить To promise обещать To explain объяснять To reply ответить To think думать, полагать To advise советовать To offer предлагать To complain жаловаться

Report the questions: 1.She says to me, Do you travel to Europe every year? 2.The teacher said, What are you thinking about? 3.Lusy said to Kate, Have you bought a new car?

Answers 1.She asks me if I travel to Europe every year. 2.The teacher wondered what they were thinking about. 3. Lucy asked if Kate had bought a new car.