Информационно-аналитический навигационный центр ЦУП-М ЦНИИмаш GLONASS Update RADIONAVIGERINGSNÄMNDEN (RNN) Stockholm, Federal Space Agency V.Klimov, V.PersevFederal Space Agency S.Revnivykh, V.MitrikasCentral Research Institute of Machine building V.Kossenko, V. ZvonarScientific and Industry Corporation of Applied Mechanics V.DvorkinRussian Research Institute of Space Device Engineering A.TyulyakovRussian Institute of Radionavigation and Time ______________________________________________________________________

Информационно-аналитический навигационный центр ЦУП-М ЦНИИмаш 2 Positioning, Navigation and Time Approach Fundamental Basis for PNT Navigation Field Generation Legal Issues and Control Use and Application ITS infrastructure Federal GLONASS Program State Program of Arming Federal Program of Modernization of Transport Infrastructure Federal Program of Modernization of Transport Infrastructure Federal Space Program Federal Program Electronic Russia … … State Program of the United PNT System development United PNT System (UPNTS) Governmental Commission of System Study to define the way to go Governmental Commission of System Study to define the way to go

Информационно-аналитический навигационный центр ЦУП-М ЦНИИмаш 3 GLONASS is a strategic element of the national security issue GLONASS is a dual-use system No direct user fees for civil GLONASS service Open access to the GLONASS civil signal structure for user equipment manufacture, applications development and value- added services Combine GLONASS/GPS receivers use on the Russian territory Compatibility and interoperability of GLONASS with GPS and future GALILEO Development of the GNSS global market Since 2006 binding equipment of Russian users by GLONASS or combine receivers only State Policy Principles

Информационно-аналитический навигационный центр ЦУП-М ЦНИИмаш 4 GLONASS State Policy Sources Decree of the President, 1999 Decision of the Government, 1999 Federal GLONASS Program for , approved by the Government, August 2001 Federal GLONASS Program for , approved by the Government, August 2001 State concept of the Russian United Positioning, Time and Navigation Service System, October 2004: GLONASS is a key element of the Positioning, Time and Navigation Service

Информационно-аналитический навигационный центр ЦУП-М ЦНИИмаш 5 Federal GLONASS Program Directions Sustainment and development of GLONASS system (Roscosmos, MOD): Minimal operation capability (18 satellites) by 2008 Full operation capability (24 satellites) by Development and production preparation of the GNSS user equipment for civil and governmental users (Agency of Industry, MOD) Combined GNSS receivers Integrated systems based on GNSS techniques Components manufacture Navigation technology introduction in the transport infrastructure (Transport Agencies of MOT) Geodesy system modernization (Mapping Agency of MOT) Combined Federal Mission Oriented Program – directly funded from the Federal Budget with annual adjustment Combined Federal Mission Oriented Program – directly funded from the Federal Budget with annual adjustment

Информационно-аналитический навигационный центр ЦУП-М ЦНИИмаш 6 GLONASS Program Management Roskosmos: GLONASS development GLONASS augmentation development GLONASS performance monitoring and control MOD: GLONASS development GLONASS operation User equipment development for governmental use ROSKOSMOS is The Program Coordinator ROSKOSMOS is The Program Coordinator

Информационно-аналитический навигационный центр ЦУП-М ЦНИИмаш 7 GLONASS Constellation Specification Satellite in constellation: 24 satellites Three orbital planes: 8 satellites in each Inclination: 64.8º Orbit height: km Orbit revolution time: 11h 15m

Информационно-аналитический навигационный центр ЦУП-М ЦНИИмаш 8 GLONASS Status at satellites in orbit 12 satellites «Glonass» (3 years life-time): 10 operational 2 in maintenance 2 satellites «Glonass-М» (7 years life-time, L2 civil signal) both operational (6 th and 7 th slots) Next launch – December SV in orbit, 12 operational

Информационно-аналитический навигационный центр ЦУП-М ЦНИИмаш 9 GLONASS Global Availability (instant) night

Информационно-аналитический навигационный центр ЦУП-М ЦНИИмаш 10 GLONASS Global Availability (instant) morning

Информационно-аналитический навигационный центр ЦУП-М ЦНИИмаш 11 GLONASS Global Availability (averaged) The World-wide average availability of GLONASS navigation is equal: 68% Average availability of GLONASS navigation on Russian zone is equal: 81% The global maximal interval of navigation unavailability is equal: 3.5 hours The maximal interval of navigation unavailability on Russian zone is equal: 1.7 hours

Информационно-аналитический навигационный центр ЦУП-М ЦНИИмаш 12 GLONASS Ground Control Segment GLONASS System Control Center Krasnoznamensk, Moscow reg. Satellite operation OD&TS TT&C stations St.Petersbourg reg. Schelkovo, Moscow reg Yenisseysk Komsomolsk-Amur System clock (Central synchronizer) Schelkovo Mission control segment modernization is in schedule

Информационно-аналитический навигационный центр ЦУП-М ЦНИИмаш 13 GLONASS Satellite Performance Guaranteed Life-time Satellite mass Power supply Navigation payload Mass Power consumption Clock stability (24 hours) Attitude control accuracy Solar panel pointing accuracy 3 years kg W 180 kg 600 W 5* deg 5 deg Total launched 81 satellites Actual life-time 4.5 years Group launch by PROTON

Информационно-аналитический навигационный центр ЦУП-М ЦНИИмаш 14 GLONASS-M Performance Guaranteed Life-time Satellite mass Power supply Navigation payload Mass Power consumption Clock stability (24 hours) Attitude control accuracy Solar panel pointing accuracy 7 years kg W 250 kg 580 W 1* deg 2 deg Extended life-time L2 civil signal Improved clock stability Improved solar panel pointing Improved dynamic model, less level of unpredicted accelerations GLONASS-M new features: Group launch by PROTON

Информационно-аналитический навигационный центр ЦУП-М ЦНИИмаш 15 History and Perspectives of the GLONASS Constellation GLONASS deployment milestones: 18 satellites in constellation – satellites in constellation – GLONASS deployment milestones: 18 satellites in constellation – satellites in constellation –

Информационно-аналитический навигационный центр ЦУП-М ЦНИИмаш 16 Results of GLONASS Program Implementation for 3 years ( ) 12/2001: 6 SV, A=17 gap = 13.7h 12/2002: 8 SV, A=22 gap = 9.3h 12/2003: 9 SV, A=35 gap = 9.0h 12/2004: 11 SV, A=58 gap = 4.6h 03/2005: 13 SV, A=76 gap = 2.9h 12/2007: 18 SV, A=96 12/2007: 18 SV, A=96 gap = 0.6h Since 2001 the gap in navigation with GLONASS reduced from 14 to 3 hours

Информационно-аналитический навигационный центр ЦУП-М ЦНИИмаш 17 GLONASS Service Modernization Second civil signal at L2 frequency band since GLONASS-M in 2003 for higher accuracy Third civil signal at L3 frequency band since GLONASS-K in 2008 for higher reliability and accuracy, especially for safety-of- life applications GNSS Integrity information in the third civil signal (GLONASS-K, tbc) – reliability of navigation service Global differential ephemeris and time corrections in the third civil signal (GLONASS-K, tbc) – sub meter real time accuracy for mobile users Search and Rescue service (extension of COSPAS/SARSAT service) – shortening time of precise positioning and rescue for people in distress

Информационно-аналитический навигационный центр ЦУП-М ЦНИИмаш 18 GLONASS Modernization Plan

Информационно-аналитический навигационный центр ЦУП-М ЦНИИмаш 19 GLONASS-K Performance Guaranteed Life-time Satellite mass Power supply Navigation payload Mass Power consumption Clock stability (24 hours) Attitude control accuracy Solar panel pointing accuracy 10 years 850 kg W 260 kg 750 W 1* deg 1 deg Extended life-time L3 civil signal Improved performance SAR function GLONASS-K new features: Group launch by SOYUZ

Информационно-аналитический навигационный центр ЦУП-М ЦНИИмаш 20 GLONASS Signals L3 signal to be refined

Информационно-аналитический навигационный центр ЦУП-М ЦНИИмаш 21 GLONASS Performance – SISRE,m GPS GLONASS The GLONASS Accuracy Improvement Program is in implementation Problems of pure present GLONASS performances New satellite – outdated ground control assets Limited area for orbit tracking (Russian territory) Time keeping system needs to be modernized

Информационно-аналитический навигационный центр ЦУП-М ЦНИИмаш 22 GLONASS Performance (contd) Onboard Clock Stability (Alan Variation) Onboard Clock Stability (Alan Variation) GLONASS R04 (#94) GLONASS-M R06 (#11L) GLONASS-M R07 (#12L) GPS G20

Информационно-аналитический навигационный центр ЦУП-М ЦНИИмаш 23 Potential GLONASS Performance GLONASS orbit based on IGS data IAC - Mission Control Center (Korolyov) CODE – European Orbit Determination Center (Bern) ESOC – European Satellite Operation Center (Darmstadt) 30 cm Deviation of post- processing orbit between three centers

Информационно-аналитический навигационный центр ЦУП-М ЦНИИмаш 24 GLONASS Performance Analysis

Информационно-аналитический навигационный центр ЦУП-М ЦНИИмаш 25 GLONASS Performance Modernization Plan Satellite modernization Clock stability improvement Dynamic model improvement (attitude accuracy, eclipse passing algorithm Receiving monitoring stations (RMS) network extension Space Force network (3 stations) Roskosmos network (9-12 stations) International cooperation (IGS network) GLONASS time keeping system modernization New system clocks with high stability (2 distributed clocks) Synchronization system modernization OD&TS software modernization based on one-way code and phase data processing GPS level accuracy for GLONASS to be achieved by 2008

Информационно-аналитический навигационный центр ЦУП-М ЦНИИмаш 26 International Cooperation: Russia - US GPS/GLONASS full compatibility provided by design for existing signals Joint statement signed in December 2004: No direct user fees for civil GLONASS/GPS service confirmed Cooperation at International organizations Ensure compatibility and interoperability SAR function implementation Agreement preparation

Информационно-аналитический навигационный центр ЦУП-М ЦНИИмаш 27 GPS/GLONASS Combine Use Benefits (1/2) Advantage of Positioning Availability for Urban and Canyon Conditions (GDOP

Информационно-аналитический навигационный центр ЦУП-М ЦНИИмаш 28 GPS/GLONASS Combine Use Benefits (2/2) Continuous navigation during a day: With GPS only 83.1% With GPS + GLONASS (9 satellites) 100% Number of satellite visible for Moscow region during a day GPS+GLONASS (9 satellites) GPS only Real-Time Precision Navigation for construction and geodesy (GDOP

Информационно-аналитический навигационный центр ЦУП-М ЦНИИмаш 29 International Cooperation: Russia - EU Negotiation process resumed Negotiation process resumed Consultations on the EU-Russia GALILEO/GLONASS Agreement – text to be consolidated Technical group to find solutions for compatibility and interoperability Signal compatibility and interoperability at L3/E5b Time scale shift transmission GLONASS geodesy reference to be adjusted to ITRF Russian industry involvement into GALILEO development Russian industry involvement into GALILEO development SOYUZ launch service for GSTB-V2a NII PP laser reflectors delivered for GSTB-V2a/b Involvement to the H-maser development Russian industry involvement in FP-6 EGNOS/GLONASS cooperation: EGNOS/GLONASS cooperation: Working group establishing to submit the technical proposal in April 2006: GLONASS service implementation Cooperation with the Russian GLONASS augmentation Service area extension

Информационно-аналитический навигационный центр ЦУП-М ЦНИИмаш 30 International Cooperation: Russia - India Agreement signed in December 2004 Agreement signed in December 2004 Civil GLONASS service covering Participation of India in the GLONASS constellation sustainment (including launches of GLONASS-M satellites with Indias GSLV rocket) Cooperation in ground GNSS infrastructure development

Информационно-аналитический навигационный центр ЦУП-М ЦНИИмаш 31 Summary Positioning, Time and Navigation is a component of the critical state infrastructure for national security and economical growth GLONASS is a key element of the Russian Positioning, Time and Navigation service GLONASS remains as a dual use system GLONASS is open for civil use world wide. In combination with GPS can benefit users already now The goals of the international cooperation are to faster constellation deployment with new satellites, to provide better compatibility and interoperability with existing and future systems and augmentations The GLONASS State program succeeded to come to 18 satellites in constellation in 2007, beginning 2008

Информационно-аналитический навигационный центр ЦУП-М ЦНИИмаш 32 Thank you for your attention! Sergey Revnivykh Satellite Navigation Department of the Mission Control Center of the Central Research Institute of Machine Building, FEDERAL SPACE AGENCY Tel: fax: GLONASS Status, Performance and Perspectives