CONDITIONALS Conditional Sentences Type 0 Used for scientific / general truth. Form: if + Simple Present, + Simple Present (if + Past Simple, + Past Simple) Examples: - If you heat butter, it melts. - If I have time, I study English. - Years ago if people travelled a long distance, the journey took days. If may be replaced by when.

The structure of a first conditional sentence A first conditional sentence consists of two clauses, an "if" clause and a main clause: if clausemain clause If you study hard,you will pass the test. If the "if" clause comes first, a comma is usually used. If the "if" clause comes second, there is no need for a comma: main clauseif clause You will pass the testif you study hard.

The structure and use of a first conditional sentence We use different verb forms in each part of a first conditional: The first conditional is used to talk about things which are possible in the present or the future -- things which may happen: if clause if + subject + simple present verb main clause subject + will + verb ExampleExplanation If it's sunny, we'll go to the park.Maybe it will be sunny -- that's possible. Paula will be sad if Juan leaves.Maybe Juan will leave -- that's possible. If you cook the supper, I'll wash the dishes.Maybe you will cook the supper -- that's possible.

CONDITIONALS Conditional Sentences Type 1 It is possible and also very likely that the condition will be fulfilled. Form : if + Simple Present, will (Future) can/must/may (if + Present Perfect, ) imperatives Examples: - If I find her address, Ill send her an invitation. - If you have studied for this exam, you will pass it. -If it is hot today, we may go swimming. -If you see her, dont tell her I was here. - If you go to the supermarket, you can buy some bread URL

CONDITIONALS Conditional Sentences Type 2 T here is an unreal possibility that the condition will happen. Form : if + Past Simple, would (Conditional) could/might Examples: - If you did your homework more often, your teacher wouldn´t get angry with you. -If they left early, they might get to the theatre on time. -If I were you, I wouldn´t buy that expensive coat. - If I went to the supermarket I could get some bread.

Second conditional: unreal situations Look at the following sentences. In the second sentence, what verb tense is used in each part? The mountain-biker says: Be prepared for some hard work. If the training was easy, it wouldn't make you faster. We use the second conditional when we think something is unreal or unlikely. Does he think the training will ever be easy?

Match the sentence halves. 1 If I did more sport, 2 I'd be really happy if 3 If I could sing, 4 My parents would be really angry if 5 If I studied harder, 6 If I had a lot of money, 7 If I could drive, A I had a party without telling them. B I'd get much fitter. C I'd go to South America. D my father bought me a motorbike. E I'd be in a band. F I'd go to the coast more often. G I'd speak better English.

CONDITIONALS Conditional Sentences Type 3 T he important thing about the third conditional is that both the condition and result are impossible now. Form : if + Past Perfect, would have + P.P. could/might/should have + P.P. Examples: -We would have come yesterday if we had known about it. -If I had waited longer last night, I might have found out about it. -If I had gone to the supermarket I could have bought some bread.

CONDITIONALS Other Conditionals unless (if … not), in case, provided/providing (that), as/so long as. Examples: -I´ll go swimming tomorrow unless it rains. -You can play with your friends in your room provided that you tidy up afterwards. -I´ll help you as long as you come with me to the cinema. -I´ll take my umbrella with me in case it rains.

CONDITIONALS Mixed Conditionals If-clauses can be mixed provided that they make sense within a context. Examples: -If they were studying all morning, they will be tired now. (they were studying so they are tired now.) -If I were faster, I would have won the race. (I´m not fast so I didn´t win the race.) -If she had saved her money, she would go on holiday (she didn´t save her money so she won´t go on holiday.)