Pupil:Parfenova D. Teacher:Kantysheva N.V. Gymnasium 59 Ulyanovsk Pupil:Parfenova D. Teacher:Kantysheva N.V. Gymnasium 59 Ulyanovsk

Ulyanovsk is a major city of Russia, the administrative center of Ulyanovsk Oblast. It is situated on the Volga Upland, on the banks of the Volga (The Kuibyshev Reservoir) and the Sviyaga. The city is located 890 km to the east of Moscow. In 2012 the population of Ulyanovsk was people (the 20th place in Russia).The area is km ² (the 6th place in the Russian Federation).

Ulyanovsk was founded by Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich and Courtier Bogdan Matveevich Khitrovo in It was a fortress and protected the eastern borders of the Russian Kingdom from the raids of nomadic tribes.

In 1672, Sinbirsk was granted the first coat of arms for the defense of Stepan Razin.

In 1780 Simbirsk became the capital of newly established governorship, which consisted of 13 counties. In 1796 Simbirsk turned into a provincial city with developed infrastructure (theaters, hospitals, high schools). The best and the richest part of it was located on the Venets, where were the councils, provincial administrative agencies, educational institutions, private residences, craft shops, public gardens and boulevards. The main occupation of the citizens was trade, agriculture and fisheries.

The original name of the city is Sinbirsk. Supposedly it was named after Prince Volga Bulgars Sinbira (Simbir). Since 1780, the city is known as Simbirsk. Archaeologist Michael Shorin thinks that the word "Sinbirsk" has Turkic origin, and explains it by the fact that the word "sin" means "grave" or "tombstone" and bip means "one". So "Sinbirsk".translated from Turkic language into Russian, means a single grave. The word has the same meaning and in the Uighur dialect (a special branch of the Turkic language). Thats why the city should be called "Sinbirsk, but not Simbirsk. Later the letter N was changed into M for the better pronunciation.

In 1924 Simbirsk was renamed into Ulyanovsk in memory of the famouse Russian revolutionary Vladimir Ulyanov (Lenin). In 2008, Mayor Sergey Ermakov offered to return the historic name of the city, as the city was renamed into Ulyanovsk according the political reasons without consulting with the citizens. But this suggestion has been discussing till nowadays.

It is a beautiful and wonderful city! Those who live here should be very happy