By Alyssa Epstein Индустриализация в России

Stalin gains total control over Russia Period of large scale industrialization Inherits New Economic Plan (NEP) from Lenin State control of production, trade, and communication State control of all large enterprise Factories, mines, railways Сталин приходит к власти

Government takes control of agriculture Collective farms – kolkhoz Decree of February 1930 forces about one million peasants off their land Sought to increase agriculture in order to feed the rapidly growing urban areas of Russia Wanted to export excess grain for money to use for heavy industrialization Пятилетний план

Stalin focused industrialization efforts on heavy industry: 1. Iron 2. Coal 3. Automobile factories 4. Heavy machine/tractor factories No focus on light industry Everyday necessities not readily available Лёгкая и тяжёлая промышленность

Peasants were forced to give up their privately owned land Forced to work on collective farms Forced to sell their product to the state at low prices created by the state Failed to help economy Created a drastic drop in farming productivity and led to famine Коллективизация сельского хозяйства

Bad weather and massive confiscation of grain created a serious famine Several million peasants died Deteriorating conditions in the country drove peasants to the cities Helped fuel industrialization Increased Russias urban population Трудные условия

Wealthier peasants Strong opposed state control of agriculture Retaliated Slaughter herds Burned crops Destroyed property Attack officials Revolts Many peasants executed Кулаки

Failure to fulfill the quota of the Five Year Plan would result in treason charges Miners worked hours a day Forced labor Labor camps Gulags Corrective labor camps Плохие условия

ГУЛАГ (ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ УПРАВЛВНИЕ ЛАГЕРЕЙ)

Заключённые

Responsible for the huge rise in numbers in the Gulags Many believe this was due to the economic need for workers Growth in the labor camp system directly coincided with the peak in Russian industrialization Prisoners in the camps were assigned distinct economic tasks Exploitation of natural resources Industrial construction projects Массовые аресты

Лагеря