NAME THE MOST IMPORTANT PLACES IN THE GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION OF KAZAKHSTAN. SHYMKENT MADE BY: YEREZHEP YERASSYL, XIT 21_01 CHECKED BY: GULFAIRUZ ESENQYZY QUOTE: LIFE IS GIVEN ONCE, IT MUST BE LIVED IN SHYMKENT SAID NAZARBAYEV N.A

Shymkent is a city in Kazakhstan. It is near the border with Uzbekistan. It is one of three Kazakh cities which have the status equal to that of a region (the city of republican significance). It is the third-most populous city in Kazakhstan, behind Almaty and Nur- Sultan, with an estimated population of 1,002,291 as of 1 June According to regional and city officials, the millionth resident of Shymkent was born on 17 May It is a regional cultural centre. Shymkent is situated 690 kilometres (430 mi) west of Almaty and 1,483 kilometres (920 mi) south of Nur-Sultan. It is also 120 kilometres (75 mi) to the north of Tashkent, Uzbekistan.

ETYMOLOGY OF SHYMKENT The name Chimkent comes from two Sogdian words, chim (meaning 'turf') and kent (or kand) (meaning 'city') (also found in the name of nearby Toshkent); thus, it literally means "the city in the grass/turf." After Kazakhstan gained independence, the city was renamed Shymkent in 1993 as part of the government's campaign to apply Kazakh names to cities. The formal spelling of Shymkent, as codified in Kazakhstan's Constitution, goes against the original Uzbek spelling rules of never having the letter "ы" follow the letter "ш". (Uzbek itself has no letter ы. Furthermore, what is spelled as ш in Kazakh is spelled as ч in Uzbek.) As a result, the new name Шымкент (Shymkent) is used only in Kazakhstan, while other countries continue to use the original spelling Чимкент (Chimkent).

GEOGRAPHY OF SHYMKENT Climate Shymkent features a humid continental climate (Köppen Dsa) bordering on a mediterranean climate (Csa). Shymkent features hot, relatively dry summers and cold winters. Winters here are noticeably warmer than in more northerly cities like Almaty and Nursultan, with the mean monthly temperature during the city's coldest month (January) averaging around 1 °C (30.2 °F). Winter snowfalls are common, although rainfall during that season occurs mixed in with that. Shymkent averages just under 600 millimetres (23.62 in) of precipitation annually. Vegetation The vegetation of the city is known by its extreme diversity. Trees like oak, elm, poplar, cannan maple, willow, chestnut, acacia, ailanthus, thuja, pine, spruce grow in the city. Farm horticultural crops cherry, apricot, dried apricot, plum, pomegranate, walnut, quince, and grape varieties are widespread.

DEMOGRAPHICS OF SHYMKENT According to a government estimate in 2012, the city had 669,326 inhabitants. In 2009, the population of Shymkent was 603,499 (2009 Census results); in 1999, it was 423,902 (1999 Census results). By the beginning of 2015, Shymkent was joined by the areas of adjacent districts. In this connection, the city population has increased up to 858,147 people within the new boundaries by the beginning of By that time, 711,783 people resided in the former area of Shymkent. By 1 June 2018, the population of Shymkent was 1,002,291 Ethnic groups (2020): Kazakh: 67.47% Uzbek: 17.69% Russian: 8.91% Azerbaijani: 1.74% Tatar: 1.01% Others: 3.18%

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