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Early life Mendeleev was born in the village of Verkhnie Aremzyani, near Tobolsk in Siberia, to Ivan Pavlovich Mendeleev ( ) and Maria Dmitrievna Mendeleeva ( ). His paternal grandfather Pavel Maximovich Sokolov was a Russian Orthodox priest from the Tver region.Ivan, along with his brothers and sisters, obtained new family names while attending the theological seminary. He worked as a school principle and a teacher of fine arts, politics and philosophy at the Tambov and Saratov gymnasiums.TobolskSiberiaRussian OrthodoxTvertheological seminaryTambovSaratov

Mendeleev was raised as an Orthodox Christian, his mother encouraging him to "patiently search divine and scientific truth." His son would later inform that he departed from the Church and embraced a form of "romanticized deism".

Mendeleev was the youngest of 17 siblings, of whom "only 14 stayed alive to be baptized" according to Mendeleev's brother Pavel, meaning they died soon after their birth. [9] The exact number of Mendeleev's siblings differs among sources and is still a matter of some historical dispute. [24][25] Unfortunately for the family's financial well being, his father became blind and lost his teaching position. His mother was forced to work and she restarted her family's abandoned glass factory. At the age of 13, after the passing of his father and the destruction of his mother's factory by fire, Mendeleev attended the Gymnasium in Tobolsk. [9] [24][25]Gymnasium

In 1849, his mother took Mendeleev across Russia from Siberia to Moscow with the aim of getting Mendeleev a higher education. The university in Moscow did not accept him. The mother and son continued to Saint Petersburg to the fathers alma mater. The now poor Mendeleev family relocated to Saint Petersburg, where he entered the Main Pedagogical Institute in After graduation, he contracted tuberculosis, causing him to move to the Crimean Peninsula on the northern coast of the Black Sea in While there, he became a science master of the Simferopol gymnasium 1. In 1857, he returned to Saint Petersburg with fully restored health.Saint PetersburgMain Pedagogical InstitutetuberculosisCrimeanBlack SeaSimferopol gymnasium 1

Between 1859 and 1861, he worked on the capillarity of liquids and the workings of the spectroscope in Heidelberg. Later in 1861, he published a textbook named Organic Chemistry. This won him the Demidov Prize of the Petersburg Academy of Sciences.

In 1876, he became obsessed with Anna Ivanova Popova and began courting her; in 1881 he proposed to her and threatened suicide if she refused. His divorce from Leshcheva was finalized one month after he had married Popova in early Even after the divorce, Mendeleev was technically a bigamist; the Russian Orthodox Church required at least seven years before lawful remarriage. His divorce and the surrounding controversy contributed to his failure to be admitted to the Russian Academy of Sciences. His daughter from his second marriage, Lyubov, became the wife of the famous Russian poet Alexander Blok. His other children were son Vladimir and daughter Olga, from his first marriage to Feozva, and son Ivan and twins from Anna.

In 1907, Mendeleev died at the age of 72 in Saint Petersburg from influen za. The crater Mendeleev on the MoonSaint Petersburginfluen zaMendeleevMoon