{ Students name: Bokeikhanova R.T Faculty:General Medicine Group: Lecturer: Suleymenova O. Blood type С.Ж.АСФЕНДИЯРОВ АТЫНДАҒЫ ҚАЗАҚ ҰЛТТЫҚ МЕДИЦИНА УНИВЕРСИТЕТІ КАЗАХСКИЙ НАЦИОНАЛЬНЫЙ МЕДИЦИНСКИЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ ИМЕНИ С.Д.АСФЕНДИЯРОВА

I.Introduction II. Main part: Blood Blood Blood type Blood typeIII.Conclusion Plan

Blood is a body fluid in humans and other animals that delivers necessary substances such as nutrients and oxygen to the cells and transports metabolic waste products away from those same cells. Blood

Plasma, which constitutes 55% of blood fluid, is mostly water (92% by volume), and contains dissipated proteins, glucose, mineral ions, hormones, carbon dioxide (plasma being the main medium for excretory product transportation), and blood cells themselves. Plasma, which constitutes 55% of blood fluid, is mostly water (92% by volume), and contains dissipated proteins, glucose, mineral ions, hormones, carbon dioxide (plasma being the main medium for excretory product transportation), and blood cells themselves.

Albumin is the main protein in plasma, and it functions to regulate the colloidal osmotic pressure of blood. The blood cells are mainly red blood cells (also called RBCs or erythrocytes), white blood cells (also called WBCs or leukocytes) and platelets (also called thrombocytes). Albumin is the main protein in plasma, and it functions to regulate the colloidal osmotic pressure of blood. The blood cells are mainly red blood cells (also called RBCs or erythrocytes), white blood cells (also called WBCs or leukocytes) and platelets (also called thrombocytes).

The most abundant cells in vertebrate blood are red blood cells. These contain hemoglobin, an iron-containing protein, blood is bright red when its hemoglobin is oxygenated and dark red when it is deoxygenated The most abundant cells in vertebrate blood are red blood cells. These contain hemoglobin, an iron-containing protein, blood is bright red when its hemoglobin is oxygenated and dark red when it is deoxygenated

A blood type (also called a blood group) is a classification of blood based on the presence and absence of antibodies and also based on the presence or absence of inherited antigenic substances on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs). These antigens may be proteins, carbohydrates, glycoproteins, or glycolipids, depending on the blood group system. Some of these antigens are also present on the surface of other types of cells of various tissues. A blood type (also called a blood group) is a classification of blood based on the presence and absence of antibodies and also based on the presence or absence of inherited antigenic substances on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs). These antigens may be proteins, carbohydrates, glycoproteins, or glycolipids, depending on the blood group system. Some of these antigens are also present on the surface of other types of cells of various tissues. Blood type

In human blood there are two antigens and antibodies. The two antigens are antigen A and antigen B. The two antibodies are antibody A and antibody B. The antigens are present in the red blood cells and the antibodies in the serum. In human blood there are two antigens and antibodies. The two antigens are antigen A and antigen B. The two antibodies are antibody A and antibody B. The antigens are present in the red blood cells and the antibodies in the serum. ABO blood group system

There is an agglutination reaction between similar antigen and antibody (for example, antigen A agglutinates the antibody A and antigen B agglutinates the antibody B). Thus, transfusion can be considered safe as long as the serum of the recipient does not contain antibodies for the blood cell antigens of the donor. There is an agglutination reaction between similar antigen and antibody (for example, antigen A agglutinates the antibody A and antigen B agglutinates the antibody B). Thus, transfusion can be considered safe as long as the serum of the recipient does not contain antibodies for the blood cell antigens of the donor.

The ABO system is the most important blood-group system in human-blood transfusion. The associated anti-A and anti-B antibodies are usually immunoglobulin M, abbreviated IgM, antibodies. ABO IgM antibodies are produced in the first years of life by sensitization to environmental substances such as food, bacteria, and viruses. The original terminology used by Karl Landsteiner in 1901 for the classification was A/B/C; in later publications "C" became "O".[12] "O" is often called 0. The ABO system is the most important blood-group system in human-blood transfusion. The associated anti-A and anti-B antibodies are usually immunoglobulin M, abbreviated IgM, antibodies. ABO IgM antibodies are produced in the first years of life by sensitization to environmental substances such as food, bacteria, and viruses. The original terminology used by Karl Landsteiner in 1901 for the classification was A/B/C; in later publications "C" became "O".[12] "O" is often called 0.

The Rh system (Rh meaning Rhesus) is the second most significant blood-group system in human-blood transfusion with currently 50 antigens. The most significant Rh antigen is the D antigen, because it is the most likely to provoke an immune system response of the five main Rh antigens. The Rh system (Rh meaning Rhesus) is the second most significant blood-group system in human-blood transfusion with currently 50 antigens. The most significant Rh antigen is the D antigen, because it is the most likely to provoke an immune system response of the five main Rh antigens. Rh blood group system

A blood donation occurs when a person voluntarily has blood drawn and used for transfusions and/or made into biopharmaceutical medications by a process called fractionation Today in the developed world, most blood donors are unpaid volunteers who donate blood for a community supply. A blood donation occurs when a person voluntarily has blood drawn and used for transfusions and/or made into biopharmaceutical medications by a process called fractionation Today in the developed world, most blood donors are unpaid volunteers who donate blood for a community supply. Blood donation

The donor's blood type must be determined if the blood will be used for transfusions. The collecting agency usually identifies whether the blood is type A, B, AB, or O and the donor's Rh (D) type and will screen for antibodies to less common antigens. More testing, including a crossmatch, is usually done before a transfusion. The donor's blood type must be determined if the blood will be used for transfusions. The collecting agency usually identifies whether the blood is type A, B, AB, or O and the donor's Rh (D) type and will screen for antibodies to less common antigens. More testing, including a crossmatch, is usually done before a transfusion. Blood testing

In transfusions of packed red blood cells, individuals with type O Rh D negative blood are often called universal donors. Those with type AB Rh D positive blood are called universal recipients. In transfusions of packed red blood cells, individuals with type O Rh D negative blood are often called universal donors. Those with type AB Rh D positive blood are called universal recipients. Universal donors and universal recipients

EnglishRussianKazakh 1bloodкровьқан 2fluidжидкостьсұйықтық 3substanceвеществозат 4metabolismметаболизмЗат алмасу 5cellклеткажасуша 6nutrientsПитательные вещества Қоректік заттар 7oxygenкислородоттек 8plasmaплазма 9proteinпротеинПротеин 10glucoseглюкозаГлюкоза 11mineral ionМинеральный ионМинералды ион 12albuminальбуминАльбумин 13pressureдавлениеқысым

14erythrocyteЭритроцит 15leukocyteЛейкоцит 16plateletТромбоцит 17hemoglobinГемоглобин 18transfusionпереваливаниеқұю 19antibodyАнтителоАнтидене 20antigenАнтиген 21depend onЗевисетьТәуелді болу 22surfaceПоверхность 23universal recipientУниверсиальный реципиент Әмбебап реципиент 24bacteriaБактерия 25virusВирус 26deliverдоставитьЖеткізу 27Positive bloodПоложительная кровьСәйкес қан 28donorДонор 29significantЗначительноеБелгілі 30dioxideдиоксид

Blood is circulated around the body through blood vessels by the pumping action of the heart. In animals with lungs, arterial blood carries oxygen from inhaled air to the tissues of the body, and venous blood carries carbon dioxide, a waste product of metabolism produced by cells, from the tissues to the lungs to be exhaled. Blood is circulated around the body through blood vessels by the pumping action of the heart. In animals with lungs, arterial blood carries oxygen from inhaled air to the tissues of the body, and venous blood carries carbon dioxide, a waste product of metabolism produced by cells, from the tissues to the lungs to be exhaled. Қан (гр. haemo ;лат. sanguis қан) ағзадағы ішкі сұйық ортаның бірі. Ол қантамырларының тұйық жүйесін бойлай ағып, тасымалдау қызметін атқарады. Қан барлық мүшелердің жасушаларына қоректік заттар мен оттегін жеткізеді және тіршілік әрекетінің өнімдерін зәр шығару мүшелеріне тасымалдайды. Қан (гр. haemo ;лат. sanguis қан) ағзадағы ішкі сұйық ортаның бірі. Ол қантамырларының тұйық жүйесін бойлай ағып, тасымалдау қызметін атқарады. Қан барлық мүшелердің жасушаларына қоректік заттар мен оттегін жеткізеді және тіршілік әрекетінің өнімдерін зәр шығару мүшелеріне тасымалдайды. Кровь - это жидкость, текущая по венам и артериям человека. Кровь обогащает мышцы и органы человека кислородом, который необходим для жизнедеятельности организма. Кровь способна вывести все ненужные вещества и отходы из организма. Благодаря сокращениям сердца, кровь постоянно перекачивается. Кровь - это жидкость, текущая по венам и артериям человека. Кровь обогащает мышцы и органы человека кислородом, который необходим для жизнедеятельности организма. Кровь способна вывести все ненужные вещества и отходы из организма. Благодаря сокращениям сердца, кровь постоянно перекачивается. Conclusion Conclusion

1. The Franklin Institute Inc. "Blood – The Human Heart". Archived from the original on 5 March Retrieved 19 March Alberts, Bruce (2012). "Table 22-1 Blood Cells". Molecular Biology of the Cell. NCBI Bookshelf. Retrieved 1 November Elert, Glenn (2012). "Volume of Blood in a Human". The Physics Factbook. his students. Archived from the original on 1 November Retrieved "Table of blood group systems v4.0" (PDF). International Society of Blood Transfusion. November Retrieved April 9, Dean 2005, The ABO blood group "... A number of illnesses may alter a person's ABO phenotype..." References: