Автор: Верзакова М.Д. Студентка 192 группы Специальность Сестринское дело Руководитель: Веденькова С.Ю.

Ecology is the science of interaction of living organisms with our common home – nature. Global problems are problems that span the whole world, all mankind, pose a threat to the present and the future and demand for their solution the combined efforts and joint actions of all States and peoples.

To a large extent pollution affects the health of the urban population. This is evidenced, in particular, significant differences in the incidence of the population in separate areas of the same city.

Before the era of the agglomeration waste management was made easier thanks to the suction capacity of the environment: land and water. Farmers sending their produce from the field directly to the table without processing, transportation, packaging, advertising and sales network, and brings little waste. Vegetable peelings and the like were fed or used as manure as soil fertilizer for next year's crop. The movement to cities led to a completely different consumer structure. Materials were exchanged, and hence, packaging for greater convenience.

Since the early 70's to late 80's in Russia household waste was 2 times more. This is millions of tons. The situation today is the following. Since 1987, the amount of garbage in the country has increased two times and amounted to 120 billion tones per year, given the industry. Today only Moscow emits 10 million tons of industrial wastes of approximately 1 ton per inhabitant. Only 1% of the raw materials that produces people use, and the rest becomes waste. polluting the environment.

For natural processing of the waste takes decades and even centuries. Glass bottle – 1 million years.

Tin cans – 50 – 80 years (if buried under the plum – 2-3 years).

Rubber sole shoes – years. Clothing – 50 years. Plastic bottle – years.

Plastic bag – years Cigarette butts – 1-5 years.

Climate change will affect the interests of all inhabitants of the planet. And it may last for a long period. A possible change of the state's economy may lead to a change in the entire way of life of people in a particular territory. In addition, the projected rise in global sea level and in this regard the flooding of large land areas, will require not only the construction of protective structures, but resettlement of entire peoples, which can cause social upheaval. A big issue of this plan will be the impact of climate change on human health, and, above all, the need to adapt to new climatic conditions. Perhaps the emergence of new and increasing levels of existing diseases. All changes that occur on the Earth do not go unnoticed for our body. Our barbaric attitude to the Earth has made her aggressive to us. The environmental tragedy, the Land became the physical and moral tragedy of man.

A genuine prospect out of the ecological crisis – the change of production activities of man, his lifestyle, his consciousness. Technological progress not only creates overload for the nature; in the most advanced technology it gives a means of preventing negative impacts, creates opportunities for organic production. There was not only an urgent need but also the ability to change the essence of technological civilization, to give it environmental in nature.