GENETICALLY MODIFIED ORGANISM. SOMEONE WHO WILL WIN: WE TRANSGENES OR THEY US? Выполнила студентка 2 курса Факультета биотехнологий и агрономии Никитина Екатерина Алексеевна

Topicality Problems of creation and use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and their products appear relevant, are of great interest and debate in society. The spread of GMOs in the world is becoming a large scale. Transgenic performed in various groups of organisms - bacteria, plants, fungi and animals. Diverse goal of GMOs. However, the technologies used to produce genetically modified organisms are not yet perfect, which causes some of the risks of using such organisms. Therefore, it is important acquaintance graduate of biological faculty with this problem and the formation of their adequate professional attitude to it.

Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) - a living organism, the genotype of which has been artificially modified by means of genetic engineering techniques. Such changes are usually made in scientific or economic purposes. Genetic modification differs purposeful changes in the genotype of an organism as opposed to the random characteristic of natural and artificial mutagenesis.

The creators of the GMO The first transgenic products were developed by Monsanto (United States). The first planting of transgenic crops were made in 1988, and in 1993, the first products with GM ingredients appeared for sale. Transgenic products in the Russian market appeared in the late 90 's.

The Use Of GMOs The use of GMO for scientific purposes (processes of aging and regeneration) The use of GMO in medical applications (gene therapy) The use of GMOS in agriculture (creation of new breeds, varieties and species ) The use of GMO in the environment (ecological fuel)

GMO Safety Currently prevailing view groups of high-risk products from genetically modified organisms in comparison with products derived from organisms, bred by traditional methods. And what to think common people, sometimes far removed from science? It cannot be said with absolute certainty about the evils of all transgenic products. Work on GMOS must continue. All genetically modified foods before you get to the shops and to the consumer, must be tested in research institutions and marked.

Survey of « GMOs in each of our lives» On this issue, I conducted a survey "Оf GMOs in human life". The number of participants of the survey – 147 people. Of these, 23% - to 20 years, 33% - 30 years, 26% - 40 years, 18% - 50 years or more.

Analyzing the results of the survey, it is clear that 94% of respondents are aware of genetically modifetsi products, but also should be noted that more than 80% against such "bad" foods.

The Position Of Greenpeace Greenpeace considers it particularly important to impose a moratorium on the use of genetically modified ingredients in baby food, until proved their biosafety. Greenpeace calls for a moratorium on the commercial growing of GM crops in open systems. Greenpeace also considers it necessary to publicize all the problems associated with the cultivation and use of GMOs.

Recommendations If the product contains more than 0.9% GMO, it necessarily must be reported on the packaging. Relevant amendments to the law of the Russian Federation "on protection of consumers ' rights" were made December 12, 2007 year. However, direct labelling "Contains GMOS" does not exist. The presence of GMO and its percentage shall be indicated in the list of ingredients of the product.

Thank you for your attention!