Infinitive and gerund

Verbs followed by a to infinitive §Afford, agree, aim, appear, arrange, ask, attempt, beg, care, choose, consent, dare, decide, demand, deserve, expect, fail, fight, guarantee, happen, help, hesitate, hope, intend, learn, manage, mean, neglect, offer, pause, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, prove, swear, tend, threaten, undertake, volunteer, vow, wait, want, refuse, seem, wish, yearn.

Verbs followed by ing forms

Verb + preposition + ing form

Noun + preposition +ing form

Advjectives + preposition + ing

Other expressions followed by ing form

Verbs followed by infinitve or gerund with no difference in meaning

Verbs followed by infinitve or gerund with difference in meaning

Hate, like, dislike, prefer § + infinitiv - cu referire la o anumita ocazie –I hate to get up early on Monday morning –I like to go to concerts conducted by him § + gerund - actiune vazuta in general –I hate getting up in the morning –I like going to concerts

Remember, forget § + infinitive - actiune posterioara –I must remember to post the letters (sa trimit) –I forgot to phone her last night (sa ii telefonez) § + gerund - actiune anterioara –I remember posting the letters (ca am trimis) –Ill never forget seeing her at the ball (ca am vazut-o)

regret §+ infinitive - Actiune simultana cu regretul –I regret to say it wasnt true (sa iti spun) §+ gerund - actiune anterioara regretului –I regret saying it wasnt true (ca ti-am spus)

Begin, cease § + infinitive - actiune involuntara –It began to rain while they were walking § + gerund - actiune deliberata –he began writing when he was 50

Stop § + infinitive - scopul actiunii –he stopped to eat (sa manance) §+ gerund - incetarea actiunii –he stopped eating (din mancat)

Continue, dread, fear, intend, neglect § + infinitive - frecvent in vorbire si in exprimarea familiara –I need to spend the holidays there § + gerund - limba literara –I intend spending my holiday there

try § + infinitive - a incerca, a face un effort –Try to write with your left hand § + gerund - a trece prin, a experimenta –I tried writing with my left hand when I was a child

Mean §+ infinitive - a intentiona –I meant to tell you but I forgot § + gerund - a insemna –his coming tomorrow means mothers working extra hard

afraid § + infinitive - intr-o anumita situatie –Im afraid to disturb him at this hour § + gerund - in general –I cant play records here as Im afraid of disturbing him

Allow, permit § + infinitive + complement indirect –he doesnt allow pupils to talk §+ gerund (fara complement indirect) –he doesnt allow talking in class