WORLD DISCOVERIES: MOBILE COMMUNICATION AND MOBILE TELEPHONES School 317 Form 11 «A» Student Fomin Dmitriy Teacher: Kopashova K.G

In 1789 Clod Shapp suggested the Convent to build a range of towers round France. These towers were equipped with some planks. The towers could be seen from a long distance. Special lamps were lit at the ends of the planks at night. A telegrapher, who was sitting inside the tower, was changing the position of the planks to make a message. He orientated the tower which he could see. The next telegraph was copying his message and sent it farther. So in this way the message was sent from start to finish.

In 1834 Morse demonstrated his apparatus and code to the public. So, the triumph of the telegraph all over the world began. In 10 years the telegraph lines really covered the most part of Europe and North America. But the greatest moment came when the cable was laid along the button of the Atlantic Ocean. It was done with a help of a specially built for this purpose ship « Great Eastern».

It was a hybrid of telephone and radio transmitter. With the help of a radio station, set in a car, it was possible to transmit a signal to ATS and make an ordinary telephone call. A call to a radiotelephone was made in a very complicated way: a telephone subscriber had to phone to the telephone station and tell the telephone number of the apparatus in the car. It was difficult to speak simultaneously. You had to press the button to keep it and switch it off if you wanted to speak or hear a reply message.

The first mobile call was made in April 1973 by an engineer of the company Motorola Martin Cooper. From a New York street he called to the office of the company AT&T Bell Labs. This telephone weighed 743 gr. and it was big in size 33x4, 4x 8,9sm. The charging was enough for 8 hours of work in the regime of waiting and just for an hour of talks.

1994. The Finn company Nokia created the first telephone (Nokia 2110) with the function SMS.

1996. Motorola created the first folding telephone Motorola Star TAC.

2000. A mobile telephone, which could produce music, in size MP3 was created.

2002. The first mobile videophone Nokia 3650 is suggested for sale.