The Present Simple Tense + V1 (Vs/es) – dont/doesnt + V1 ? Do/Does + V1 The Present Continuous Tense + am/is/are + Ving - am not/isnt/arent + Ving ? Am/Is/Are + Ving We use these tenses for: 1.facts, or things that always happen. boils Water boils at 100 C actions happening at the moment of speaking. Im working Sorry, Im working now. 2. routines and habits. return The birds return to the island every spring. 2. changing situations, with verbs like become, get, grow, change, increase. is becoming The Earth is becoming warmer. 3. timetable events. meets The Drama Club meets every Thursday at a future arrangement, with a time reference. Were are leaving Were are leaving tomorrow.

The Present Simple Tense + V1 (Vs/es) – dont/doesnt + V1 ? Do/Does + V1 The Present Continuous Tense + am/is/are + Ving - am not/isnt/arent + Ving ? Am/Is/Are + Ving We use these tenses for: 4. plots of films, stories and plays. sees At the party, Romeo sees Juliet and falls in love with her. 4. changing situations with expressions such as more and more. are leaving More and more people are leaving the countryside. 5. newspaper headlines to describe events. die Three die in plane crash. say MPs say no two green laws. 5. criticizing actions that we feel irritating or annoying. areinterrupting! You are continually interrupting! s getting Hes forever getting into trouble! 3.

The Present Simple Tense + V1 (Vs/es) – dont/doesnt + V1 ? Do/Does + V1 The Present Continuous Tense + am/is/are + Ving - am not/isnt/arent + Ving ? Am/Is/Are + Ving Time Markers : Usually, often, always, generally, sometimes, occasionally, never, seldom, rarely, from time to time, hardly ever, every day (month,…), etc. !!!(in expressions) Here comes, there goes, here lies. Now, at the moment, still, Look! Listen!, continually, constantly, always, forever (!!! to express irritation) 3.

Verbs with state and action meanings stateaction Do dodo What do you do? (=whats your job?) aredoing What are you doing? (=explain your actions) Be, have is Dohave This house is over 100 years old. Do you have a car? Hes being Im having Hes being very silly! Im having a great time here. Imagine, suppose, think, expect suppose I suppose this is Jim. imagine I imagine you feel the same. dothink What do you think? (=have an opinion) youre imagining Ghosts! No, youre imagining things! Im thinking Im thinking of changing jobs. (=considering)

Verbs with state and action meanings stateaction Hope, wonder hope I hope you havent been waiting long. Were hoping Were hoping to continue the talks next week. (less definite) Enjoy, like, love enjoy/love I enjoy/love going for long walks. (often) Are enjoying Are you enjoying the party? Im loving Im loving every minute of my new job! (at the moment) Appear appears Your visa appears to be out of date. is appearing Tom is appearing in Hamlet at the Grand Theatre. Look looks This book looks interesting. (=seem) Helen is looking well. (=description of appearance)

Verbs with state and action meanings stateaction See, hear see/ hear dont hear I see/ hear youve had your hair cut. I dont hear any voices. is seeing Jane is seeing her doctor are hearing (=meet) You are hearing things (=imagining) Feel, see, smell, taste smells The room smells awful! Im smelling Im smelling the flowers! (=an active choice) Ache, feel, hurt hurts. My foot hurts. (often) feel I feel sick. is hurting. My foot is hurting. (now) Im feeling Im feeling sick. Weigh, measure weighs This bag weighs more than 25 kilos. Im weighing Im weighing the parcel before I post it. (action choice)

Thoughts and opinions: Thoughts and opinions: think, understand, know, suppose, believe, want, remember, forget, depend, agree, imagine, realize, regret, mean, seem, etc. Feelings: Feelings: like, love, hate, prefer, need, etc. Senses:(*see charts above) Senses: see, hear, smell (*see charts above) Possession and existence: Possession and existence: belong, contain, have, include, weigh, consist of, depend on, deserve, own, possess, resemble, etc.

do not understand/ are not understanding a) Scientists do not understand/ are not understanding everything about the universe. does it get/ is it getting b) They disagree about some important facts. For example, does it get/ is it getting larger or smaller? dont agree/ are not agreeing c) Although they dont agree/ are not agreeing about everything, there are some facts about the universe which they are sure about. reaches/ is reaching d) Take the planet Venus, for example. Here the temperature reaches/ is reaching over C. lasts/ is lasting e) And another unusual fact about Venus is that a day there lasts/ is lasting longer than a year.

search/ are still searching f) Many scientists still search/ are still searching for life in other parts of the universe. Do they look/ Are they looking g) Do they look/ Are they looking for life on Venus? doesnt seem/ isnt seeming h) It doesnt seem/ isnt seeming to be the kind of place where life might exist. consists/ is consisting i) The atmosphere of Venus consists/ is consisting mainly of carbon dioxide (CO2). has/ is having j) And it has/ is having an air pressure 90 times greater than that of Earth.

1. Somebody (knock) …………………………….. at the door. Can you see who it is? 2. First you (cook) …………………………………… the onions in a little oil until they are golden brown. 3. Carols (forever lose) ………………………………. his temper with people! He must learn to calm down. 4. Here (come) ……………………………… the bus! Youd better hurry! 5. Wheres Jack? He(read)………………………………………… the paper in the kitchen.

6. Whenever I put up my hand, Harry (kick) ………………………………….. me under the desks. 7. Im sorry, but I (not understand) ……………………………………………………………. you. 8. Maria (leave) ……………………………………………… now, so could you get her coat? 9. Come and eat your dinner. It (get) ……………………………………………. cold. 10. I (hear) ……………………………………………….. you did really well in your exams. Well done!

The Present Perfect Tense + have/has + V3 (ed) -havent/hasnt + V3 (ed) ? Have/Has + V3 (ed) The Present Perfect Continuous Tense + have/has been + Ving - havent/hasnt been + Ving ? Have/Has + been Ving We use these tenses to: 1.describe an event in the past without a definite time. has broken Someone has broken a window in our classroom. 1.talk about recent Continuing activities. havebeen doing What have you been doing lately. 2.describe what someone has completed or achieved in a period of time. vefinished Ive already finished my work. 2. explain how recent continuing activities have caused the present situation. Ive been reading My eyes ache. Ive been reading all day.

The Present Perfect Tense + have/has + V3 (ed) -havent/hasnt + V3 (ed) ? Have/Has + V3 (ed) The Present Perfect Continuous Tense + have/has been + Ving - havent/hasnt been + Ving ? Have/Has + been Ving We use these tenses to: 3. describe how many things someone has done. have found Scientists have found more than 30 unknown insects. 3. with how long questions. havebeen How long have you been studying studying French? (this is a continuing process) 4. describe someones experiences, what he or she has done in life. ve travelled havent flown Ive travelled by plane, but I havent flown in a helicopter. 4. talk about recent continuing activities which will probably continue in the future. has been changing This diagram shows how the climate has been changing.

The Present Perfect Tense + have/has + V3 (ed) -havent/hasnt + V3 (ed) ? Have/Has + V3 (ed) The Present Perfect Continuous Tense + have/has been + Ving - havent/hasnt been + Ving ? Have/Has + been Ving We use these tenses to: 5. describe changes, comparing past and present. has become Our climate has become much warmer. 5. with time words lately, recently, all (day), every (morning), for, since. ve been studying Ive been studying all morning. little difference With verbs that describe continuing states eg. work, live, there is little difference in meaning. ve worked Ive worked here for three years. Ive been working Ive been working here for three years.

The Present Perfect Tense + have/has + V3 (ed) -havent/hasnt + V3 (ed) ? Have/Has + V3 (ed) The Present Perfect Continuous Tense + have/has been + Ving - havent/hasnt been + Ving ? Have/Has + been Ving Time Markers: Just, recently, ever, never, already, since, for, yet, not… yet, lately, so far, as a result, etc. For, since, all morning (day, …), still, etc.

a) I came here at 3.00 and now its I______________________________________ two hours. b) I havent seen this film before. This is______________________________________ film. c) Mark is asleep. Mark_____________________________________ to bed. d) I began work here in I ______________________________________since e) Anna isnt here yet. Anna _______________________________________ yet.

f) We dont know each other. We ______________________________________ before. g) There isnt any food left. Someone _____________________________ all the food. h) We started waiting in this queue half an hour ago. We _______________________________ for half an hour. i) Its a long time since I was last here. I ____________________________________ a long time. j) This is our seventh wedding anniversary. We __________________________________ seven years.